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RESEARCH PAPER |
Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Correspondence to:
John P Pierce
PhD, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, 0645, La Jolla, CA 92093-0645, USA; jppierce{at}ucsd.edu
Background: The decade long California Tobacco Control Program is unique to the nation in its duration, emphasis, and level of funding. Programme emphasis is on changing social norms about smoking as a means to discourage smoking and thus reduce the harmful health effects of tobacco to the population.
Methods: Data from the 199293, 199596, and 199899 Tobacco Use Supplements to the national Current Population Survey (n > 175 000 each period) were used to examine changes in norms regarding where smoking should "not be allowed at all" in both California and in the rest of the USA. Venues queried were restaurants, hospitals, work areas, bars, indoor sports venues, and indoor shopping malls.
Results: There were substantial increases in the percentages of the adult population (18+ years) stating that smoking should not be allowed in the venues queried in California by 199899 compared to 199293; only modest increases were observed in the rest of the USA. In fact, for most venues, the percentages for the rest of the USA were lower in 199899 than in California in 199293. Further, the percentage increase over this period in respondents stating that smoking should not be allowed in four or more of the six venues was 30% in California and 23% in the rest of the USA. The most dramatic percentage increase in California occurred among current smokers (93%).
Conclusions: A strong, comprehensive tobacco control programme such as Californias can influence population norms, including those of smokers, with respect to where smoking should not be allowed.
Abbreviations: CPS, Current Population Survey; TUS, Tobacco Use Supplement
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