Tobacco Control

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS REGISTER
[Advanced]

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this link to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Add article to my folders
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hughes, J R
Right arrow Articles by Guary, J
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hughes, J R
Right arrow Articles by Guary, J
Related Collections
Right arrow Tobacco use
Right arrow Smoking cessation
Tobacco Control 2005;14:49-54
© 2005 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd


RESEARCH PAPER

A prospective study of off-label use of, abuse of, and dependence on nicotine inhaler

J R Hughes1, E H Adams2, M A Franzon3, M K Maguire4, J Guary2

1 University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, Vermont, USA
2 Harris Interactive, Rochester, New York, USA
3 Pfizer Consumer Healthcare, Morris Plains, New Jersey, USA
4 Lansdale, Pennsylvania, USA

Correspondence to:
John R Hughes MD
Department of Psychiatry, Psychology & Family Practice, University of Vermont, 38 Fletcher Place, Burlington, VT 05401-1419, USA; john.hughes{at}uvm.edu

Objective: To determine the incidence of off-label use of, abuse of, and dependence on prescription nicotine inhaler.

Design: Prospective telephone and internet interviews for six months.

Participants: 535 new inhaler users.

Main outcome: Structured interview about off-label use (that is, use of inhaler for non-cessation reasons or concurrent use of inhaler and cigarettes) and Diagnostic and statistical manual, fourth edition (DSM-IV) and International classification of diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) criteria for abuse and dependence

Results: Although many used inhaler and cigarettes concurrently at some time (43–55%), few used inhaler for non-cessation reasons (4–9%) and few persisted in off label use (8–16%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5% to 19%). No participant met ICD-10 criteria for harmful use/abuse (95% CI 0% to 3.3%). Eight subjects (1.4%) appeared to meet DSM-IV or ICD-10 criteria for dependence on inhaler, but none were found dependent in a clinical expert interview (95% CI 0% to 3.3%).

Conclusions: Although transient concurrent use of inhaler and cigarettes often occurs, use for non-cessation reasons, abuse and dependence are rare.


Abbreviations: AE, adverse event; CATI, computer assisted telephone interview; COSTART, Coding symbols for Thesaurus of adverse reaction terms; DSM-IV, Diagnostic and statistical manual, fourth edition; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; FTND, Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence; ICD-10, International classification of diseases, 10th edition; NRT, nicotine replacement therapy; OTC, over-the-counter

Keywords: cessation; nicotine; nicotine dependence; nicotine inhaler; tobacco use disorder




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
Tobacco ControlHome page
D. E Levy, A. N Thorndike, L. Biener, and N. A Rigotti
Use of nicotine replacement therapy to reduce or delay smoking but not to quit: prevalence and association with subsequent cessation efforts
Tob. Control, December 1, 2007; 16(6): 384 - 389.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Ann OncolHome page
N. Gray
National and international nicotine dependence
Ann. Onc., May 1, 2005; 16(5): 681 - 682.
[Full Text] [PDF]




HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS REGISTER
Terms and conditions relating to subscriptions purchased online  ¦  Website terms and conditions  ¦  Privacy policy
Copyright © 2005 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.