Cover essay
The return of scare tactics
David Hilla, Simon Chapmanb, Robert Donovanc
a Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer
Council of Victoria, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia, b Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, c Graduate
School of Management, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western
Australia
Correspondence to: Dr D Hill, Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, 1 Rathdowne Street, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia. davidh@accv.org.au
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Can you scare people out of smoking? Since Janis and Feshbach's influential research on the use of fear in dental hygiene education in the early 1950s,1 several generations of health educators have often uncritically accepted as near holy writ that you should not try to scare people into healthy practices, including smoking prevention and cessation.2 3 Given that survey evidence from ex-smokers has repeatedly affirmed that personalised concern about "scary" health consequences is the primary motivation ascribed to smoking cessation4-6 and is associated with predictors of cessation,7 interesting questions arise about whether this dogma is empirically grounded or whether it rather reflects a profession-wide neurosis intent on avoiding opprobrium from those who believe it is somehow not "nice" to deal in gory imagery in the name of persuasion.8
A mass media-led campaign launched in Australia in June 1997 has been
seen by many as "the mother of all scare campaigns" (see the
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