Smoke free families project brief
The Kaiser Permanente prenatal smoking cessation trial: when more isn't better, what is enough?
Daniel H Ershoffa, Virginia P Quinna, Neal R Boydb, Julie Sterna, Margaret Gregorya, David Wirtschaftera
a Kaiser
Permanente Southern California Group, Pasadena, California, USA, b Fox Chase Comprehensive
Cancer Center
Correspondence to: Dr VP Quinn, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research and Evaluation, Walnut Center 911, Pasadena, CA 91188, USA; Virgina.P.Quinn@kp.org
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
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Introduction |
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The effectiveness of low cost smoking interventions targeted to pregnant women has been demonstrated, although few gains in absolute cessation rates have been reported in the past decade. Under conditions of typical clinical practice, this study examined whether outcomes achieved with brief counselling from prenatal care providers and a self help booklet could be improved by adding more resource intensive cognitive behavioural programs.
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Design |
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Randomised clinical trial.
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Setting |
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A large group model manage care organisation.
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Participants |
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Three hundred and ninety English speaking women 18 years of age or older who self reported to be active smokers at their initial prenatal appointment.
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Intervention |
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Participants were randomised to one of three groups: (1) a self
help booklet tailored to smoking patterns, stage of change, and
lifestyle of pregnant smokers; (2) the booklet plus access to a
computerised telephone cessation program based on interactive voice
response technology; or (3) the booklet plus proactive telephone counselling from nurse educators
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