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Tob Control 2007;16:384-389 doi:10.1136/tc.2007.021485
  • Research paper

Use of nicotine replacement therapy to reduce or delay smoking but not to quit: prevalence and association with subsequent cessation efforts

  1. Douglas E Levy1,2,
  2. Anne N Thorndike2,
  3. Lois Biener3,
  4. Nancy A Rigotti1,2
  1. 1
    Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
  2. 2
    Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
  3. 3
    Center for Survey Research, University of Massachusetts-Boston, Boston, MA, USA
  1. Douglas E Levy, PhD, Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford Street, 9th floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA; douglas_levy{at}hms2.harvard.edu
  • Received 22 April 2007
  • Accepted 6 July 2007

Abstract

Objective: To assess the prevalence of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use for purposes other than quitting smoking and examine the relation of this non-standard NRT use (NSNRT) with subsequent smoking cessation efforts.

Design: A population based cohort study of adult smokers who were interviewed by telephone at baseline (2001–2) and at two year follow-up. The association between NSNRT use to cut down on smoking or to delay smoking before baseline and cessation attempts and smoking outcomes at two year follow-up was assessed using logistic regression to adjust for multiple potential confounding factors.

Setting: Massachusetts, USA.

Subjects: 1712 adult smokers in Massachusetts who were selected using a random digit dial telephone survey.

Main outcome measures: Quit attempt in 12 months before follow-up, NRT use at quit attempt in 12 months before follow-up, smoking cessation by follow-up, or 50% reduction in cigarettes smoked per day between baseline and follow-up.

Results: 18.7% of respondents reported ever having used NSNRT. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, there was no statistically significant association between past NSNRT use and quit attempts (ORcut down  = 0.89, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.33; ORdelay  = 1.29, 95% CI 0.73 to 2.29), smoking cessation (ORcut down  = 0.74, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.24; ORdelay  = 1.22, 95% CI 0.60 to 2.50) or 50% reduction in cigarettes smoked per day (ORcut down  = 0.93, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.38; ORdelay  = 0.80, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.49) at follow-up. Past use of NRT to cut down on cigarettes was associated with use of NRT at a follow-up quit attempt (ORcut down  = 2.28, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.47) but past use of NRT to delay smoking was not (ORdelay  = 1.25, 95% CI 0.67 to 2.34).

Conclusions: Use of NRT for reasons other than quitting smoking may be more common than was previously estimated. This population based survey finds no strong evidence that NRT use for purposes other than quitting smoking is either harmful or helpful.

Footnotes

  • Funding: This research was supported by US National Institutes of Health grants NCI R01-CA86257 and NHLBI K24-HL04440.

  • Competing interests: NAR has received research grants from Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Nabi Biopharmaceuticals, and Glaxo Smith Kline. She has consulted for Pfizer and Sanofi-Aventis. The other authors report no competing interests.

  • Abbreviations:
    NRT
    nicotine replacement therapy
    NSNRT
    non-standard nicotine replacement therapy
    OTC
    over the counter

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