Adjusted odds ratios* (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from logistic regression of financial stress on tobacco expenditure as a percentage of household expenditure, income, and other covariates (n=2291)
| Variables | Any stress OR (95% CI) | Severe stress OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Source: 1998–99 Household Expenditure Survey, Australian Bureau of Statistics. | ||
| *Odds ratios pertain to the odds of having experienced financial stress in the past year. | ||
| Percentage of expenditure spent on tobacco | ||
| ⩽2% | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Between 2–5% | 1.4 (1.0 to 1.8) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) |
| ⩾5% | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.4) | 2.1 (1.3 to 3.2) |
| Household income | ||
| First quintile | 5.8 (3.6 to 9.4) | 10.8 (1.2 to 94.6) |
| Second quintile | 4.7 (3.0 to 7.3) | 8.2 (1.1 to 62.6) |
| Third quintile | 4.1 (2.8 to 6.1) | 6.2 (1.0 to 39.5) |
| Fourth quintile | 2.8 (2.1 to 3.7) | 4.9 (0.7 to 32.4) |
| Fifth quintile | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Education | ||
| No qualifications | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.8) | 1.6 (0.5 to 5.1) |
| Diploma | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) | 1.7 (0.5 to 5.4) |
| Degree | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Unknown | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.7) | 2.4 (0.8 to 7.1) |
| Occupation | ||
| Blue collar | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.3) | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.8) |
| White collar | 1.4 (1.0 to 2.0) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.2) |
| Professional | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Not applicable | 2.2 (1.3 to 3.7) | 2.2 (1.0 to 4.5) |
| Unemployment | ||
| One or more unemployed persons | 1.9 (1.4 to 2.5) | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.5) |
| No-one unemployed | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Pension | ||
| One or more persons on pension | 2.0 (1.6 to 2.4) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.1) |
| No-one on pension | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Type of housing occupancy | ||
| Renter | 3.5 (2.3 to 5.2) | 8.4 (4.4 to 15.8) |
| Purchaser | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.8) | 2.3 (1.1 to 4.8) |
| Owner | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Other | 2.3 (0.9 to 5.7) | 2.5 (0.6 to 10.4) |
| Index of relative socioeconomic disadvantage | ||
| First quintile (high disadvantage) | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.5) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.1) |
| Second quintile | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.0) |
| Third quintile | 1.5 (1.0 to 2.2) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.9) |
| Fourth quintile | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.0) | 0.5 (0.3 to 1.1) |
| Fifth quintile (low disadvantage) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Unknown | 1.5 (1.0 to 2.5) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.2) |
| Age of head of household | ||
| 15–34 years | 2.6 (1.7 to 3.8) | 2.4 (1.1 to 5.2) |
| 35–54 years | 2.1 (1.4 to 3.1) | 2.7 (1.3 to 5.7) |
| 55+ years | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Lone parenthood | ||
| Lone parent | 2.1 (0.9 to 4.8) | 2.3 (1.4 to 3.9) |
| Other | 1.0 | 1.0 |