Prevalence of exposure to SHS (%): past/current |
Relative risk (95% CI) |
Population attributable risk (%): present/future |
Total deaths per year |
Deaths among never smokers and ex-smokers3-150 | Deaths caused SHS: current/future | |
1. Lung cancer (ICD-9 162) | ||||||
At home | ||||||
Men | 12.7/14.7 | 1.24 (1.13 to 1.36)32 | 0.029/0.033 | 882 | 70.63-151 | 2.1/2.4 |
Women | 16.1/16.5 | 1.24 | 0.037/0.033 | 530 | 42.43-151 | 1.6/1.6 |
At work | ||||||
Men | 33.6/19.1 | 1.24 (1.13 to 1.36)33 | 0.075/0.056 | 882 | 70.63-151 | 4.2/2.5 |
Women | 23.4/6.2 | 1.24 | 0.053/0.014 | 530 | 42.43-151 | 1.4/0.4 |
2. Coronary heart disease (ICD-9 410–414) | ||||||
At home | ||||||
Men | 13.7/14.7 | 1.30 (1.22 to 1.38)23 | 0.039/0.041 | 3614 | 1987.7 | 78.5/84.0 |
Women | 16.3/16.5 | 1.30 | 0.043/0.041 | 2755 | 1460.2 | 68.1/68.9 |
At work | ||||||
Men | 26.3/19.1 | 1.21 (1.04 to 1.41)25 | 0.057/0.049 | 18233-152 | 1002.7 | 42.0/30.9 |
Women | 13.8/6.2 | 1.21 | 0.037/0.012 | 6573-152 | 348.2 | 5.9/2.7 |
3. Stroke (ICD-9 430–438) | ||||||
At home | ||||||
Men | 13.7/14.7 | 2.10 (1.33 to 3.32)13 | 0.128/0.134 | 3253-152 | 209.6 | 27.5/29.2 |
Women | 16.3/16.5 | 1.66 (1.07 to 2.57) | 0.091/0.085 | 3013-152 | 194.2 | 18.9/19.1 |
At work | ||||||
Men | 26.3/19.1 | 2.10 (1.33 to 3.32)13 | 0.239/0.213 | 3253-152 | 209.6 | 37.6/29.1 |
Women | 13.8/6.2 | 1.66 (1.07 to 2.57) | 0.109/0.036 | 3013-152 | 194.2 | 9.7/4.6 |
4. Sudden infant death (ICD-9 798) | ||||||
Males and females combined | 19.73-153/19.7 | 5.3 (2.71 to 10.28)14 | 0.459/0.459 | 109 | 50.0/50.0 | |
Total | 347.3/325.2 |
Past prevalence of exposure to SHS refers to circa 1985 (lung cancer), 1993 (heart disease and stroke), and 1999 (sudden infant death syndrome—SIDS). Future deaths refer to circa 2015 (lung cancer), 2007 (heart disease and stroke), and 2001 (SIDS).
Deaths per year based on 1997 data, with the exception of SIDS (1991-93).
↵3-150 It is assumed that 80% of adult males and 60% of adult females are in paid employment, and therefore at risk of exposure to SHS at work. These fractions have been applied to the estimated numbers of deaths among non-smokers to calculate the number potentially susceptible to the effects of SHS in the workplace.
↵3-151 Never-smokers only;
↵3-152 deaths before age 75;
↵3-153 exposure defined as maternal smoking two months after birth, no bed-sharing.
ICD-9, International Classification of Disease, 9th revision.