Top 50 papers selected as citation classics (August 2004 download data)
| Rank | Paper | Times cited |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prochaska JO, Diclemente CC, Norcross JC. In search of how people change: applications to addictive behaviors. Am Psychol 1992;47:1102–14. | 1388 |
| 2 | Prochaska JO, Diclemente CC. Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change. J Consult Clin Psychol 1983;51:390–95 | 1232 |
| 3 | McGinnis JM, Foege WH. Actual causes of death in the United States. JAMA 1993;270:2207–12. | 998 |
| 4 | Davis DA, Thomson MA, Oxman AD, et al. Changing physician performance: a systematic review of the effect of continuing medical education strategies. JAMA 1995;274:700–05. | 894 |
| 5 | Hjermann I, Holme I, Byre KV, et al. Effect of diet and smoking intervention on the incidence of coronary heart disease: report from the Oslo Study Group of a randomized trial in healthy men. Lancet 1981;2:1303–10. | 794 |
| 6 | Doll R, Peto R, Wheatley K, et al. Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 years’ observations on male British doctors. BMJ 1994;309:901–11. | 675 |
| 7 | Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, et al. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict 1991;86:1119–27. | 566 |
| 8 | Couturier S, Bertrand D, Matter JM, et al. A neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (alpha-7) is developmentally regulated and forms a homo-oligomeric channel blocked by alpha-BTX. Neuron 1990;5:847–56. | 559 |
| 9 | Diclemente CC, Fairhurst SK, Velasquez MM, et al. The process of smoking cessation: an analysis of precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change. J Consult Clin Psychol 1991;59:295–304. | 546 |
| 10 | Resnick MD, Bearman PS, Blum RW, et al. Protecting adolescents from harm: findings from the national longitudinal study on adolescent health. JAMA 1997;278:823–32. | 530 |
| 11 | Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Georgakopoulos D, et al. Cigarette smoking is associated with dose-related and potentially reversible impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation in healthy-young adults. Circulation 1993;88:2149–55. | 523 |
| 12 | Lundberg JM, Saria A. Capsaicin-induced desensitization of airway mucosa to cigarette-smoke, mechanical and chemical irritants. Nature 1983;302:251–53. | 487 |
| 13 | Flores CM, Rogers SW, Pabreza LA, et al. A subtype of nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat-brain is composed of alpha-4 and beta-2 subunits and is up-regulated by chronic nicotine treatment. Mol Pharmacol 1992;41:31–37 | 473 |
| 14 | Prochaska JO, Velicer WF, Rossi JS, et al. Stages of change and decisional balance for 12 problem behaviors. Health Psychol 1994;13:39–46. | 471 |
| 15 | Benowitz NL. Pharmacologic aspects of cigarette smoking and nicotine addiction. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1318–30. | 467 |
| 16 | McGehee DS, Heath MJS, Gelber S, et al. Nicotine enhancement of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in CNS by presynaptic receptors. Science 1995;269:1692–96. | 448 |
| 17 | Ames BN, Gold LS, Willett WC. The causes and prevention of cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:5258–65. | 446 |
| 18 | Church DF, Pryor WA. Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications. Environ Health Perspect 1985;64:111–26. | 440 |
| 19 | Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 1997;349:1436–42. | 439 |
| 20 | Peto R, Lopez AD, Boreham J, et al. Mortality from tobacco in developed-countries: indirect estimation from national vital-statistics. Lancet 1992;339:1268–78. | 435 |
| 21 | Leventhal H, Cleary PD. The smoking problem: a review of the research and theory in behavioral risk modification. Psychol Bull 1980;88:370–405. | 427 |
| 22 | Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Kiley JP, et al. Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1: the Lung Health Study. JAMA 1994;272:1497–505. | 420 |
| 23 | Oxman AD, Thomson MA, Davis DA, et al. No magic bullets: a systematic review of 102 trials of interventions to improve professional practice. CMAJ 1995;153:1423–31. | 418 |
| 24 | Wilson PWF, Garrison RJ, Castelli WP. Postmenopausal estrogen use, cigarette-smoking, and cardiovascular morbidity in women over 50: the Framingham Study. N Engl J Med 1985;313:1038–43. | 417 |
| 25 | Glassman AH, Helzer JE, Covey LS, et al. Smoking, smoking cessation, and major depression. JAMA 1990;264:1546–49. | 412 |
| 26 | Hirayama T. Non-smoking wives of heavy smokers have a higher risk of lung-cancer: a study from Japan. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1981;282:183–85. | 409 |
| 27 | Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK, Winn DM, et al. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res 1988;48:3282–87. | 407 |
| 28 | Imperato A, Mulas A, Dichiara G. Nicotine preferentially stimulates dopamine release in the limbic system of freely moving rats. Eur J Pharmacol 1986;132:337–38. | 393 |
| 29 | Hecht SS, Hoffmann D. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, an important group of carcinogens in tobacco and tobacco-smoke. Carcinogenesis 1988;9:875–84. | 390 |
| 30 | Hurt RD, Sachs DPL, Glover ED, et al. A comparison of sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1195–202. | 382 |
| 31 | Hughes JR, Hatsukami DK, Mitchell JE, et al. Prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients. Am J Psychiatry 1986;143:993–97. | 379 |
| 32 | Fagerstrom KO, Schneider NG. Measuring nicotine dependence:- a review of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. J Behav Med 1989;12:159–82. | 372 |
| 33 | Hughes JR, Hatsukami D. Signs and symptoms of tobacco withdrawal. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:289–94. | 368 |
| 34 | Jorenby DE, Leischow SJ, Nides MA, et al. A controlled trial of sustained-release bupropion, a nicotine patch, or both for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med 1999;340:685–91. | 362 |
| 35 | Hunninghake GW, Crystal RG. Cigarette-smoking and lung destruction: accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs of cigarette smokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983;128:833–38. | 359 |
| 36 | Anda RF, Williamson DF, Escobedo LG, et al. Depression and the dynamics of smoking: a national perspective. JAMA 1990;264:1541–45. | 353 |
| 37 | Levin ED. Nicotinic systems and cognitive function. Psychopharmacology 1992;108:417–31. | 352 |
| 38 | Condiotte MM, Lichtenstein E. Self-efficacy and relapse in smoking cessation programs. J Consult Clin Psychol 1981;49:648–58. | 348 |
| 39 | Jones JG, Lawler P, Crawley JCW, et al. Increased alveolar epithelial permeability in cigarette smokers. Lancet 1980;1:66–68. | 340 |
| 40 | Kannel WB, Belanger AJ. Epidemiology of heart failure. Am Heart J 1991;121:951–57. | 338 |
| 41 | Stryker WS, Kaplan LA, Stein EA, et al. The relation of diet, cigarette-smoking, and alcohol-consumption to plasma beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol levels. Am J Epidemiol 1988;127:283–96. | 334 |
| 42 | Shinton R, Beevers G. Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. BMJ 1989;298:789–94. | 333 |
| 43 | Shiffman S. Relapse following smoking cessation: a situational analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 1982;50:71–86. | 330 |
| 44 | Hoffmann D, Hecht SS. Nicotine-derived N-nitrosamines and tobacco-related cancer: current status and future directions. Cancer Res 1985;45:935–44. | 320 |
| 45 | Jarvis MJ, Tunstall Pedoe H, Feyerabend C, et al. Comparison of tests used to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers. Am J Public Health 1987;77:1435–38. | 319 |
| 46 | Meade TW, Imeson J, Stirling Y. Effects of changes in smoking and other characteristics on clotting factors and the risk of ischemic heart disease. Lancet 1987;2:986–88. | 315 |
| 47 | Celermajer DS, Adams MR, Clarkson P, et al. Passive smoking and impaired endothelium-dependent arterial dilatation in healthy young adults. N Engl J Med 1996;334:150–54. | 315 |
| 48 | Pontieri FE, Tanda G, Orzi F, et al. Effects of nicotine on the nucleus accumbens and similarity to those of addictive drugs. Nature 1996;382:255–57. | 310 |
| 49 | Glassman AH. Cigarette-smoking: implications for psychiatric-illness. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:546–53. | 302 |
| 50 | Ware JH, Dockery DW, Spiro A, et al. Passive smoking, gas cooking, and respiratory health of children living in 6 cities. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984;129:366–74. | 300 |