Table 2

Distribution of risk factors in patients with first-ever stroke and community controls and odds ratio associated with the risk of stroke

		Patients with stroke (n = 521)				Community controls (n = 1851)		OR^2-150	95% CI
		n	(%)			n	(%)	OR^2-150	95% CI
Smoking status
Never smoked	162	31.1		901	48.7	1.00	Referent
Active smokers	164	31.5		255	13.8	4.27	3.23–5.65
⩾15 cigarettes/day	95	18.2		154	8.3	4.65	3.32–6.53
6–14 cigarettes/day	42	8.1		62	3.4	3.90	2.50–6.08
⩽5 cigarettes/day	27	5.2		39	2.1	3.57	2.07–6.15
Never smoked	162	31.1		901	48.7	1.00	Referent
Ex-smokers	174	33.4		671	36.2	1.18	0.91–1.53
<2 years	22	4.2		46	2.4	2.49	1.40–4.45
2–10 years	49	9.4		190	10.3	1.48	1.01–2.17
>10 years	103	19.8		435	23.5	0.97	0.72–1.32
Unknown years	5	1.0		1	0.1	ND	ND
Passive smokers^2-151	265	50.9		1336	72.2	ND	ND
Not exposed	110	21.1		660	35.7	1.00	Referent
Exposed	155	29.8		676	36.5	1.74	1.31–2.32
Unknown exposure	16	3.0		23	1.2	ND	ND
Hypertensive
No	196	37.6		1241	67.0	1.00	Referent
Yes	325	62.4		610	33.0	2.59	2.10–3.20
History of heart disease
No	429	82.3		1796	97.0	1.00	Referent
Yes	92	17.7		55	3.0	4.21	3.00–5.93
Diabetes
No	445	85.4		1782	96.3	1.00	Referent
Yes	76	14.6		69	3.7	3.27	2.32–4.61

↵2-150 Odds ratio adjusted for age and sex using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method.
↵2-151 Includes ex-smokers who quit more than 10 years previously.
95% CI = 95% confidence intervals; ND = no data.