Number of states with preemption penalties in youth access ratings for 1993–1996
| Item | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Minimum age | 8 | 14 | 16 | 18 |
| 2 Packaging | 4 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 3 Clerk identification | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 4 Photo identification | 2 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 5 Vending machines | 7 | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| 6 Free distribution | 3 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| 7 Graduated penalties | 2 | 4 | 5 | 8 |
| 8 Random inspections | 2 | 7 | 10 | 12 |
| 9 Statewide enforcement | 4 | 9 | 11 | 13 |
| Any item | 10 | 16 | 18 | 20 |