Table 2

Summary statistics (mean±SD) for each venue/room category

NVenue typeRoom measuredMean volume (m3)Mean active smoker density* Mean PM2.5 (µg/m3)Median PM2.5
6Waterpipe café Smoking288±933.55±1.89384±279345
11Waterpipe caféSmoking288±2784.32±3.87369±520124
11Waterpipe caféNon-smoking252±2230.21±0.70123±23644
5CigaretteSmoking335±1940.84±0.79119±9589
5CigaretteNon-smoking405±2410.00±0.0026±319
5Smoke-freeNon-smoking666±4420.00±0.009±28
  • * Burning cigarettes–waterpipes per 100 m3.

  • Venue locations did not have a visible non-smoking room (ie, smoking throughout).