Percentage of flavoured tobacco use among non-cigarette tobacco users, by product and demographic characteristics, 2013–2014
| Any flavoured NCTP use (n=8020) | Flavoured Electronic cigarette use (n=3434) | Flavoured Hookah use (n=1427) | Flavoured Cigar use (n=2783) | Flavoured Smokeless tobacco use (n=1984) | Flavoured Pipe use (n=376) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % (95% CI) | p Value* | n | % (95% CI) | p Value* | n | % (95% CI) | p Value* | n | % (95% CI) | p Value* | n | % (95% CI) | p Value* | n | % (95% CI) | p Value* | |
| Overall | 4333 | 61.1 (59.7 to 62.5) | 2173 | 68.2 (66.2 to 70.2) | 1144 | 82.3 (79.8 to 84.6) | 848 | 36.2 (33.7 to 38.7) | 919 | 50.6 (47.7 to 53.5) | 68 | 25.8 (19.7 to 33.0) | ||||||
| Gender | <0.001 | 0.799 | 0.359 | <0.001 | 0.855 | † | ||||||||||||
| Male | 2672 | 56.3 (54.6 to 58.0) | 1120 | 68.0 (65.2 to 70.6) | 653 | 81.3 (77.8 to 84.3) | 592 | 31.3 (28.7 to 34.1) | 847 | 50.6 (47.6 to 53.6) | 62 | 25.2 (18.9 to 32.7) | ||||||
| Female | 1618 | 71.7 (69.4 to 73.9) | 1034 | 68.5 (65.5 to 71.4) | 478 | 83.6 (79.6 to 86.9) | 243 | 59.4 (53.2 to 65.3) | 61 | 49.4 (37.2 to 61.7) | 6 | ‡ | ||||||
| Age group (years) | <0.001 | <0.001 | † | <0.001 | <0.001 | † | ||||||||||||
| 18–24 | 1240 | 83.5 (81.2 to 85.6) | 545 | 85.2 (81.7 to 88.2) | 646 | 85.9 (82.8 to 88.5) | 208 | 48.3 (42.3 to 54.3) | 239 | 68.9 (62.7 to 74.6) | 8 | ‡ | ||||||
| 25–29 | 639 | 69.5 (65.6 to 73.2) | 288 | 72.8 (67.2 to 77.7) | 255 | 76.7 (70.3 to 82.0) | 105 | 41.0 (34.1 to 48.3) | 121 | 55.2 (46.7 to 63.5) | 4 | ‡ | ||||||
| 30–44 | 1121 | 61.6 (58.9 to 64.2) | 604 | 70.0 (66.1 to 73.7) | 201 | 79.8 (73.1 to 85.3) | 213 | 37.1 (32.3 to 42.2) | 262 | 51.1 (45.8 to 56.3) | 22 | 28.0 (17.9 to 41.0) | ||||||
| 45–64 | 1055 | 41.9 (39.5 to 44.4) | 603 | 51.8 (48.0 to 55.6) | 37 | 66.8 (51.9 to 79.0) | 252 | 28.8 (25.1 to 32.8) | 225 | 37.2 (32.4 to 42.2) | 23 | 25.1 (15.5 to 37.9) | ||||||
| 65+ | 255 | 26.3 (22.9 to 30.1) | 118 | 35.9 (29.1 to 43.2) | 2 | ‡ | 67 | 17.8 (13.4 to 23.2) | 68 | 28.1 (21.7 to 35.4) | 10 | ‡ | ||||||
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.059 | <0.001 | 0.019 | † | ||||||||||||
| White, Non-Hispanic | 2926 | 55.7 (54.0 to 57.3) | 1502 | 63.2 (60.7 to 65.5) | 648 | 80.0 (76.3 to 83.2) | 520 | 30.5 (27.8 to 33.3) | 729 | 48.8 (45.7 to 52.0) | 49 | 25.5 (18.5 to 33.9) | ||||||
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 436 | 71.8 (67.4 to 75.7) | 180 | 87.5 (81.8 to 91.6) | 143 | 89.2 (83.4 to 93.1) | 132 | 47.9 (40.7 to 55.1) | 33 | 44.7 (31.3 to 58.8) | 9 | ‡ | ||||||
| Hispanic | 426 | 68.6 (64.1 to 72.7) | 206 | 71.6 (64.9 to 77.5) | 133 | 81.7 (74.2 to 87.5) | 87 | 48.6 (38.4 to 59.0) | 79 | 55.1 (45.0 to 64.7) | 5 | ‡ | ||||||
| Other, Non-Hispanic§ | 472 | 74.6 (70.6 to 78.2) | 250 | 80.6 (74.7 to 85.5) | 203 | 82.7 (76.5 to 87.6) | 94 | 47.6 (39.6 to 55.8) | 60 | 66.6 (54.4 to 76.9) | 1 | ‡ | ||||||
| Annual household income (US$) | <0.001 | 0.366 | 0.917 | <0.001 | 0.323 | † | ||||||||||||
| <20 000 | 475 | 62.7 (58.1 to 67.0) | 248 | 66.7 (60.1 to 72.8) | 91 | 85.4 (75.7 to 91.7) | 144 | 47.8 (40.7 to 55.0) | 69 | 47.6 (36.9 to 57.1) | 14 | 40.6 (23.6 to 60.3) | ||||||
| 20 000–49 999 | 1250 | 62.7 (60.0 to 65.3) | 657 | 68.4 (64.7 to 71.9) | 334 | 82.2 (77.2 to 86.4) | 276 | 44.1 (39.1 to 49.2) | 239 | 51.4 (45.7 to 57.1) | 21 | 26.4 (16.2 to 39.8) | ||||||
| 50 000–99 999 | 1028 | 59.7 (56.9 to 62.5) | 517 | 67.2 (62.9 to 71.2) | 292 | 81.3 (76.3 to 85.5) | 147 | 29.7 (24.8 to 35.2) | 226 | 46.3 (40.7 to 52.0) | 13 | ‡ | ||||||
| ≥100 000 | 556 | 53.8 (50.3 to 57.3) | 239 | 64.5 (58.6 to 70.0) | 160 | 81.1 (74.0 to 86.5) | 74 | 20.2 (15.7 to 25.6) | 169 | 55.0 (48.4 to 61.5) | 6 | ‡ | ||||||
| Unspecified | 1024 | 64.4 (61.5 to 67.1) | 512 | 71.4 (67.2 to 75.3) | 267 | 83.1 (77.5 to 87.5) | 207 | 38.4 (33.2 to 43.8) | 216 | 52.5 (46.7 to 58.3) | 14 | 30.9 (17.1 to 49.2) | ||||||
| Education | <0.001 | 0.078 | 0.166 | <0.001 | 0.203 | † | ||||||||||||
| Less than high school | 420 | 64.4 (59.9 to 68.7) | 194 | 70.0 (63.6 to 75.8) | 64 | 83.9 (68.7 to 92.5) | 122 | 46.2 (38.7 to 53.9) | 111 | 54.9 (46.5 to 63.0) | 13 | ‡ | ||||||
| High school diploma/GED | 1354 | 62.9 (60.4 to 65.3) | 722 | 69.4 (65.8 to 72.7) | 334 | 84.2 (79.8 to 87.8) | 301 | 42.3 (37.7 to 47.1) | 295 | 48.6 (43.8 to 53.5) | 19 | 30.5 (19.3 to 44.7) | ||||||
| Some college | 1575 | 63.4 (61.2 to 65.6) | 859 | 68.5 (65.4 to 71.6) | 395 | 83.7 (79.7 to 87.1) | 286 | 35.6 (31.6 to 39.8) | 307 | 53.2 (48.2 to 58.1) | 23 | 20.4 (13.1 to 30.3) | ||||||
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 927 | 49.6 (46.9 to 52.3) | 372 | 60.5 (55.8 to 65.0) | 337 | 75.2 (70.2 to 79.5) | 124 | 16.9 (13.7 to 20.6) | 193 | 45.8 (40.1 to 51.6) | 13 | ‡ | ||||||
| US census region | 0.126 | 0.004 | 0.049 | 0.034 | 0.277 | † | ||||||||||||
| Northeast | 682 | 60.6 (56.9 to 64.2) | 289 | 63.8 (57.9 to 69.3) | 244 | 86.3 (81.4 to 90.1) | 107 | 28.3 (22.6 to 34.9) | 122 | 51.7 (43.2 to 60.1) | 8 | ‡ | ||||||
| Midwest | 905 | 58.7 (55.7 to 61.7) | 451 | 62.9 (58.5 to 67.1) | 199 | 86.1 (80.3 to 90.4) | 187 | 36.4 (31.4 to 41.6) | 227 | 55.3 (49.4 to 61.1) | 11 | ‡ | ||||||
| South | 1595 | 61.2 (59.0 to 63.3) | 814 | 70.7 (67.4 to 73.8) | 363 | 82.1 (77.9 to 85.6) | 342 | 39.2 (35.4 to 43.2) | 356 | 49.3 (44.9 to 53.7) | 30 | 33.9 (23.8 to 45.7) | ||||||
| West | 1151 | 63.8 (61.0 to 66.5) | 619 | 71.4 (67.6 to 75.0) | 338 | 77.7 (71.8 to 82.6) | 212 | 35.5 (30.3 to 41.2) | 214 | 47.6 (41.7 to 53.5) | 19 | 23.1 (13.6 to 36.4) | ||||||
| Sexual orientation | <0.001 | 0.083 | 0.063 | <0.001 | † | † | ||||||||||||
| Heterosexual/straight | 3521 | 59.6 (58.1 to 61.1) | 1782 | 67.4 (65.2 to 69.6) | 877 | 81.2 (78.2 to 83.8) | 667 | 35.1 (32.4 to 37.9) | 771 | 49.7 (46.6 to 52.8) | 55 | 22.8 (16.8 to 30.3) | ||||||
| Lesbian, gay or bisexual | 289 | 79.7 (75.0 to 83.7) | 146 | 76.2 (68.8 to 82.3) | 124 | 89.6 (82.7 to 94.0) | 65 | 63.2 (52.6 to 72.7) | 28 | ‡ | 2 | ‡ | ||||||
| Unspecified | 523 | 62.8 (58.8 to 66.6) | 245 | 69.1 (62.7 to 74.9) | 143 | 82.6 (73.7 to 89.0) | 116 | 32.4 (26.5 to 39.0) | 120 | 52.9 (45.0 to 60.7) | 11 | ‡ | ||||||
| Cigarette smoking status | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.826 | <0.001 | 0.030 | † | ||||||||||||
| Current smoker | 2148 | 63.3 (61.3 to 65.3) | 1384 | 63.2 (60.5 to 65.7) | 387 | 83.8 (79.0 to 87.7) | 531 | 43.8 (40.3 to 47.5) | 330 | 55.3(50.6 to 60.7) | 41 | 34.1 (24.3 to 45.4) | ||||||
| Recent former smoker | 405 | 72.1 (67.4 to 76.4) | 292 | 78.1 (72.9 to 82.5) | 64 | 82.2 (69.2 to 90.5) | 43 | 38.9 (28.1 to 50.9) | 57 | 57.7 (44.7 to 69.6) | 1 | ‡ | ||||||
| Long-term former smoker | 533 | 44.7 (41.3 to 48.2) | 179 | 70.4 (63.7 to 76.4) | 67 | 81.2 (70.8 to 88.5) | 96 | 18.0 (14.3 to 22.4) | 222 | 46.9 (41.5 to 52.5) | 11 | ‡ | ||||||
| Never smoker | 1211 | 62.8 (60.3 to 65.3) | 306 | 84.8 (79.9 to 88.6) | 615 | 81.4 (78.1 to 84.4) | 167 | 30.8 (26.2 to 35.8) | 300 | 46.9 (42.1 to 51.8) | 13 | 18.6 (10.1 to 31.8) | ||||||
| Frequency of use | <0.001 | † | 0.002 | ¶ | † | |||||||||||||
| Every day | – | – | 537 | 75.7 (71.8 to 79.2) | 15 | ‡ | 144 | 43.1 (36.3 to 50.2) | – | – | 10 | ‡ | ||||||
| Some days | – | – | 659 | 68.5 (64.8 to 72.0) | 161 | 91.7 (86.1 to 95.1) | 222 | 41.8 (36.6 to 47.3) | – | – | 22 | 33.8 (21.4 to 48.9) | ||||||
| Rarely | – | – | 977 | 64.8 (61.7 to 67.7) | 968 | 80.8 (77.9 to 83.3) | 482 | 32.8 (29.9 to 36.0) | – | – | 36 | 25.1 (17.3 to 35.0) | ||||||
*p Value based on Satterthwaite-adjusted Wald χ2.
†p Value not presented due to unstable estimates for one or more demographic groups.
‡The relative SE was ≥30% or denominator <50.
§Other, Non-Hispanic includes Asian, Non-Hispanic; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, Non-Hispanic; American Indian or Alaska Native, Non-Hispanic; Multiracial, Non-Hispanic and Other race, Non-Hispanic.
¶Since frequency of smokeless tobacco use (‘every day’, ‘some days’ or ‘rarely’) was assessed in three separate questions based on product type: (1) chewing tobacco, snuff or dip; (2) snus and (3) dissolvable tobacco products, there were different combinations of responses which could not be aggregated into a single frequency of use variable. Thus, flavoured smokeless tobacco use by frequency of use is not presented.
GED, general education development certificate; n, unweighted number of past 30-day flavoured product users.