Risk perceptions of LCC flavours among young and middle-aged adult current cigarette smokers, aged 18–44, USA (n=964)
| Total (n=964) | p Value | Males (n=573) | p Value | Females (n=392) | p Value | White (n=352) | p Value | Black/African-American (n=299) | p Value | Hispanic/Latino (n=313) | p Value | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | UN | F | C | UN | F | C | UN | F | C | UN | F | C | UN | F | C | UN | F | |||||||
| Risk perceptions for flavour additives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Menthol | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | ** | ||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 58.5 | 48.6 | 43.7 | 60.0 | 44.2 | 42.5 | 54.1 | 55.5 | 46.2 | 61.9 | 59.7 | 82.4 | 52.4 | 40.2 | 43.0 | 58.8 | 53.6 | 34.2 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 4.0 | 5.3 | 10.3 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 12.7 | 4.9 | 7.9 | 5.7 | 2.9 | 9.4 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 14.9 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 9.2 | ||||||
| More harmful | 19.7 | 18.0 | 30.5 | 19.2 | 21.9 | 30.4 | 20.3 | 11.9 | 30.5 | 16.5 | 25.8 | 7.6 | 21.2 | 11.8 | 25.5 | 24.3 | 21.9 | 40.1 | ||||||
| Don't know | 17.7 | 28.2 | 15.5 | 16.9 | 30.4 | 14.4 | 18.9 | 24.8 | 17.6 | 18.7 | 5.1 | 8.4 | 22.9 | 44.4 | 16.5 | 10.3 | 19.5 | 16.5 | ||||||
| Clove | *** | *** | * | * | ||||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 60.7 | 50.6 | 47.2 | 63.5 | 46.8 | 47.2 | 57.0 | 56.5 | 47.2 | 65.4 | 59.7 | 82.3 | 50.5 | 41.8 | 40.2 | 62.8 | 57.6 | 43.4 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 5.5 | 4.8 | 9.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 9.7 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 3.3 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 10.1 | 2.7 | 14.2 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 7.6 | ||||||
| More harmful | 14.6 | 14.0 | 28.3 | 15.0 | 16.1 | 27.9 | 14.1 | 10.9 | 29.1 | 11.3 | 14.6 | 9.3 | 15.3 | 11.2 | 22.6 | 20.2 | 17.9 | 37.5 | ||||||
| Don't know | 19.2 | 30.5 | 15.4 | 18.7 | 34.3 | 15.2 | 19.8 | 24.8 | 15.8 | 19.9 | 16.4 | 8.4 | 24.2 | 44.4 | 23.0 | 12.3 | 19.5 | 11.5 | ||||||
| Spice | *** | *** | * | ** | ||||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 63.0 | 49.4 | 48.6 | 64.9 | 46.8 | 48.7 | 60.4 | 53.2 | 48.5 | 69.6 | 59.7 | 71.1 | 48.5 | 41.8 | 44.0 | 66.1 | 53.5 | 46.3 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 4.2 | 7.0 | 10.3 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 11.8 | 7.2 | 13.0 | 7.3 | 3.3 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 8.6 | 2.5 | 12.0 | 1.0 | 11.8 | 11.7 | ||||||
| More harmful | 14.1 | 13.4 | 26.1 | 15.2 | 15.6 | 25.0 | 12.7 | 10.2 | 28.2 | 7.5 | 14.6 | 20.5 | 20.2 | 10.6 | 21.8 | 20.4 | 16.6 | 30.8 | ||||||
| Don't know | 18.7 | 30.2 | 15.0 | 18.0 | 34.7 | 14.5 | 19.7 | 23.5 | 16.0 | 19.6 | 16.4 | 8.4 | 22.7 | 45.1 | 22.2 | 12.4 | 18.1 | 11.2 | ||||||
| Candy | *** | *** | * | |||||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 62.1 | 51.7 | 58.1 | 65.1 | 47.2 | 54.4 | 58.0 | 58.7 | 65.4 | 67.6 | 64.1 | 90.2 | 48.0 | 42.3 | 46.5 | 66.6 | 57.4 | 58.6 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 7.2 | 4.8 | 7.3 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 8.7 | 11.7 | 7.6 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 14.6 | 2.5 | 12.0 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 5.7 | ||||||
| More harmful | 10.4 | 13.0 | 21.6 | 11.5 | 15.6 | 25.5 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 13.9 | 7.6 | 10.2 | 1.4 | 12.7 | 10.8 | 23.8 | 13.4 | 18.1 | 25.2 | ||||||
| Don't know | 20.3 | 30.5 | 12.9 | 19.6 | 34.3 | 11.4 | 21.3 | 24.8 | 15.9 | 20.2 | 16.4 | 8.4 | 24.7 | 44.4 | 17.7 | 15.9 | 19.5 | 10.5 | ||||||
| Fruit | *** | *** | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 59.8 | 52.0 | 55.1 | 63.1 | 47.7 | 51.2 | 55.4 | 58.8 | 62.9 | 66.5 | 66.8 | 90.2 | 45.3 | 40.9 | 51.1 | 62.7 | 57.4 | 49.1 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 8.2 | 5.3 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 3.7 | 9.8 | 12.1 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 15.6 | 3.5 | 12.2 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 8.6 | ||||||
| More harmful | 12.9 | 14.4 | 23.8 | 13.4 | 14.3 | 28.7 | 12.3 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 7.9 | 5.4 | 1.4 | 13.1 | 16.0 | 18.6 | 22.4 | 17.9 | 33.6 | ||||||
| Don't know | 19.0 | 28.3 | 12.2 | 18.2 | 34.3 | 10.3 | 20.2 | 19.0 | 15.9 | 19.4 | 16.4 | 8.4 | 26.1 | 39.6 | 18.1 | 10.8 | 19.6 | 8.6 | ||||||
| Chocolate | ** | *** | * | |||||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 62.1 | 50.3 | 52.4 | 66.1 | 46.6 | 45.8 | 56.8 | 56.1 | 65.8 | 67.0 | 59.7 | 79.0 | 47.3 | 41.5 | 46.9 | 68.8 | 57.1 | 49.7 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 7.0 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 13.7 | 11.4 | 7.9 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 13.9 | 2.5 | 16.6 | 3.1 | 5.4 | 9.7 | ||||||
| More harmful | 12.3 | 16.2 | 20.5 | 12.6 | 15.8 | 24.5 | 11.8 | 16.9 | 12.4 | 8.4 | 14.6 | 12.6 | 14.4 | 15.8 | 18.4 | 17.3 | 18.0 | 24.1 | ||||||
| Don't know | 18.6 | 28.6 | 16.0 | 17.6 | 34.7 | 16.0 | 20.0 | 19.1 | 16.0 | 19.4 | 16.4 | 8.4 | 24.4 | 40.2 | 18.0 | 10.8 | 19.5 | 16.4 | ||||||
| Alcohol | *** | *** | ** | |||||||||||||||||||||
| As harmful | 61.9 | 46.7 | 51.4 | 63.9 | 46.0 | 51.9 | 59.2 | 47.8 | 50.4 | 64.8 | 64.5 | 88.6 | 53.7 | 38.8 | 47.8 | 65.4 | 46.6 | 44.4 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 3.5 | 4.6 | 7.1 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 8.4 | 4.9 | 7.6 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 5.8 | 2.2 | 10.4 | 1.1 | 5.0 | 6.3 | ||||||
| More harmful | 15.5 | 20.0 | 27.5 | 14.9 | 17.1 | 26.3 | 16.3 | 24.5 | 29.8 | 12.0 | 9.8 | 3.0 | 17.3 | 19.6 | 24.2 | 20.5 | 27.4 | 36.3 | ||||||
| Don't know | 19.1 | 28.7 | 14.1 | 18.8 | 34.3 | 13.4 | 19.5 | 20.1 | 15.4 | 19.9 | 16.4 | 8.4 | 23.1 | 39.5 | 17.5 | 13.1 | 21.0 | 13.0 | ||||||
All analyses used weighted data. Complex sampling procedures were used to adjust for sampling in all analyses.
***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05.
C, cigarette; F, flavoured LCC users; non-LCC users; LCC, little cigar and cigarillo; UN, unflavoured LCC users.