Table 2

Multivariate analysis of menthol/non-menthol smoking frequency and flavoured/unflavoured LCC use by gender

CharacteristicsTotalMalesFemales
Unflavoured LCC useFlavoured LCC useUnflavoured LCC useFlavoured LCC useUnflavoured LCC useFlavoured LCC use
Menthol smoking frequency
 Daily menthol1.13 (0.53 to 2.42)1.75 (1.02 to 2.98)*2.33 (0.78 to 6.97)3.67 (1.78 to 7.59)***0.29 (0.07 to 1.17)0.43 (0.16 to 1.13)
 Daily non-menthol1.07 (0.47 to 2.42)1.08 (0.62 to 1.91)3.42 (1.06 to 11.05)*2.96 (1.37 to 6.40)**0.10 (0.03 to 0.53)**0.24 (0.09 to 0.66)**
 Occasional menthol0.79 (0.33 to 1.89)0.66 (0.35 to 1.22)0.77 (0.18 to 3.25)0.88 (0.40 to 1.93)0.58 (0.13 to 2.57)0.29 (0.09 to 0.93)*
 Occasional non-mentholReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
Current other tobacco use
 NoReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
 Yes1.58 (0.92 to 2.72)3.92 (2.72 to 5.64)***1.40 (0.66 to 4.15)1.07 (0.56 to 2.03)1.18 (0.70 to 4.71)2.88 (1.56 to 5.34)***
Age
 18–24ReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
 25–340.90 (0.48 to 1.69)0.36 (0.23 to 0.56)***0.98 (0.41 to 2.38)0.34 (0.19 to 0.60)***0.78 (0.22 to 2.68)0.52 (0.23 to 1.14)
 35–440.59 (0.29 to 1.18)0.41 (0.25 to 0.66)***0.78 (0.29 to 2.11)0.25 (0.14 to 0.48)***0.57 (0.15 to 2.10)0.35 (0.15 to 0.82)*
Race/ethnicity
 White, non-HispanicReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
 Black, non-Hispanic6.54 (3.25 to 13.17)***8.56 (5.02 to 14.59)***7.70 (3.13 to 18.92)***18.54 (8.50 to 40.41)***8.21 (1.74 to 38.69)**8.39 (3.39 to 20.75)***
 Hispanic4.16 (2.10 to 8.23)***8.67 (5.32 to 14.13)***2.31 (0.91 to 5.87)16.26 (7.96 to 33.18)***14.39 (3.75 to 55.16)***7.06 (3.14 to 15.89)***
Gender
 Male1.54 (0.94 to 2.52)1.37 (0.96 to 1.97)−−−−
 FemaleReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
Annual household income
 <$15 0000.77 (0.33 to 1.80)0.38 (0.22 to 0.68)***0.69 (0.21 to 2.11)0.63 (0.30 to 1.31)0.38 (0.05 to 3.19)0.12 (0.04 to 0.38)*
 $15 000–$40 0000.92 (0.41 to 2.08)0.54 (0.32 to 0.92)*0.89 (0.32 to 2.46)0.45 (0.22 to 0.91)*0.81 (0.11 to 6.01)0.33 (0.12 to 0.89)***
 $40 000–$75 0000.93 (0.40 to 2.18)0.35 (0.20 to 0.62)***1.03 (0.37 to 2.83)0.36 (0.18 to 0.75)**0.71 (0.08 to 5.98)0.21 (0.07 to 0.67)***
 $75 000 or moreReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
Educational attainment
 Less than high school1.52 (0.48 to 4.84)1.24 (0.62 to 2.51)1.20 (0.28 to 5.19)1.71 (0.65 to 4.53)5.91 (0.43 to 80.34)1.58 (0.51 to 4.84)
 High school1.72 (0.57 to 5.23)0.98 (0.49 to 1.94)0.91 (0.23 to 3.62)1.71 (0.67 to 4.40)9.43 (0.71 to 124.39)0.82 (0.26 to 2.59)
 Some college1.65 (0.55 to 5.00)1.05 (0.54 to 2.05)1.62 (0.43 to 6.06)1.16 (0.45 to 2.94)3.94 (0.29 to 54.11)1.52 (0.55 to 4.23)
 Bachelor's degree or higherReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
Current employment status
 WorkingReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
 Not working, looking1.13 (0.59 to 2.15)0.86 (0.53 to 1.39)1.43 (0.58 to 3.49)0.50 (0.25 to 0.969)*0.71 (0.18 to 2.69)1.17 (0.52 to 2.62)
 Not working, not looking1.85 (1.00 to 3.39)*1.08 (0.68 to 1.72)1.66 (0.66 to 4.15)1.07 (0.56 to 2.03)2.42 (0.86 to 6.85)1.27 (0.61 to 2.63)

  • All analyses used weighted data. Complex sampling procedures were used to adjust for sampling in all analyses.

  • The referent group for the menthol smoking frequency variable is occasional, non-menthol smoking.

  • The referent group for the outcome, LCC use, is cigarette, non-LCC use.

  • ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05.

  • LCC, little cigar and cigarillo.