Table 2

Descriptive statistics on variables involved in the analysis (n=1 02 831)

 Mean SD Independent variables Volume of exposure* to truth antismoking ads—overall (in 100s) 9.75 6.23 Volume of exposure to state antismoking ads—overall (in 100s) 1.29 2.16 Volume of exposure to state antismoking ads—general/adult targeted (in 100s) 1.03 1.83 Volume of exposure to state antismoking ads—youth targeted (in 100s) 0.26 0.65 Volume of exposure to state antismoking ads—specific general/adult-targeted ad themes (in 100s) Efficacy appeal 0.69 1.24 Health consequences to others 0.43 0.95 Health consequences to self 0.43 0.85 Anti-industry appeal 0.31 0.83 Irrationality/ addiction appeal 0.25 0.54 State-level policy variables % of state GDP in a year generated from tobacco farming 0.02 0.06 Excise tax (in $) per cigarette pack, excluding federal excise taxes, adjusted for inflation 0.50 0.32 Extensiveness of laws restricting youth access to tobacco (total Alciati score)† 16.70 6.54 Per capita tobacco control funding (in dollars), adjusted for inflation 3.38 2.48 Number of location bans on cigarette use (range 0–9)‡ 0.69 0.97 Dependent variables Percentage n Support for comprehensive indoor smoking bans 30.8 31 720 Support for comprehensive tobacco advertising bans 48.2 49 551 Demographic control variables Percentage n Age 18–24 9.6 9901 25–34 19.3 19 887 35–44 22.1 22 759 45–54 19.4 19 921 55–64 12.7 13 069 65–74 9.3 9546 75 or older 7.5 7748 Female (vs male) 55.8 57 380 Race White 83.4 85 812 Black 11.3 11 663 American-Indian, Aleut, Eskimo 0.9 883 Asian or Pacific Islander 4.3 4473 Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (vs not) 9.75 10 029 Educational attainment Less than high school 11.9 12 232 GED (General Education Diploma) 1.6 1,609 High school graduate 29.5 30 354 Some college 28 28 814 College graduate 19.2 19 740 At least some graduate school 9.8 10 082 Demographic control variables Percentage n Annual household income (in$) Less than 5000 2.1 2126 5000–7499 2 2017 7500–9999 2.1 2161 10 000–12 499 2.9 2941 12 500–14 999 2.6 2682 15 000–19 999 4.4 4574 20 000–24 999 5.8 5982 25 000–29 999 5.9 6046 30 000–34 999 5.6 5778 35 000–39 999 5.6 5723 40 000–49 999 8.7 8992 50 000–59 999 8.8 9020 60 000–74 999 9.7 9993 75 000 or more 23.7 24 411 Do not know 1.9 1991 No response 8.2 8394 Marital status Married 57.0 58 620 Widowed 7.2 7400 Divorced or separated 14.2 14 539 Never married 21.7 22 272 Demographic control variables Percentage n Employment status Employed 65.6 67 478 Unemployed 3.5 3618 Retired 17.2 17 688 Disabled 3.6 3710 Not in labour force (other) 10.1 10 337 Citizenship status Native citizen 87.5 89 983 Naturalised citizen 5.4 5513 Not citizen 7.1 7335 Student status Not a student 96.8 99 585 Fulltime or part-time student 3.1 3246 Has child in household 0–2 years of age 20.9 21 535 Has child in household 3–5 years of age 21.5 22 145 Has child in household 6–13 years of age 41.5 42 709 Has child in household 14–17 years of age 25.7 26 436 Current smoker 19.7 20 246 Current smoker who has ever quit for more than 1 day 14.3 14 751 Current smoker who quit for more than 1 day in past year 7.5 7710
• *Volume of exposure refers to a weighted sum of all available airings in a respondents’ media market prior to the beginning of a CPS-TUS fielding period, where the weight began with a value of 1 and decayed exponentially with a 2-month half-life.

• †See Alciati et al.28

• ‡The locations included in the index are public schools, private schools, public transit, restaurants, recreational facilities, health facilities, childcare facilities and/or private work sites.

• CPS-TUS, Current Population Survey’s Tobacco Use Supplement; GDP, gross domestic product.