Summary
In a controlled study, ten male volunteers were subjected to different smoking and passive smoking conditions. After 60 h of strictly controlled nonsmoking, five smokers were exposed to mainstream smoke only, while five nonsmokers were exposed to the gas phase of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). In a second experiment smokers were mainstream and ETS exposed, while nonsmokers were exposed to complete ETS. Blood was drawn before and after smoking and DNA adducts were analysed from blood monocytes by the32P-postlabelling assay, using the nuclease P1 enhancement method. We detected DNA adducts in monocytes of all probands. These adducts unrelated to smoking showed interindividual differences but only minor intraindividual changes in four samples of the same donor. After smoking interindividually variable additional adducts were visible in active smokers only. These smoking-related adducts had disappeared after 40 h of nonsmoking and reappeared again in three out of five smokers after the second smoking period. We conclude that smoking causes an interindividually variable pattern of DNA adducts in active smokers. These adducts disappear in less than 2 d, owing to the fast turnover of monocytes in the intravascular system. The effects described could not be observed in heavily exposed passive smokers.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bast RC jr, Whitlock JP jr, Miller H, Rapp HJ, Gelboin HV (1974) Aryl hydrocarbon (benzo(a)pyrene) hydroxylase in human peripheral blood monocytes. Nature 250:664–665
Fiszer-Szafarz B, Szafarz D, Guevara A, De Murillo AG (1981) A general, fast, and sensitiv micromethod for DNA determination: application to rat and mouse liver, rat hepatoma, human leukocytes, chicken fibroblasts, and yeast cells. Anal Biochem 110:165–170
Gelboin HV (1977) Cancer susceptibility and carcinogen metabolism. N Engl J Med 7:384–386
Glatt HR, Lorenz J, Fleischmann R, Remmer H, Ohnhaus EE, Kaltenbach E, Tegtmeyer F, Rüdiger HW, Oesch F (1980) Interindividual variations of epoxide hydratase activity in human liver and lung biopsis, lymphocytes and fibroblast cultures. Microsomes, drug oxidations, and chemical carcinogenisis, Vol 11, Academic Press, New York, pp 651–654
Gupta RC (1985) Enhanced sensitivity of32P-postlabeling analysis of aromatic carcinogen. Cancer Res 45:5656–5662
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (1986) Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans, Vol. 38 Tobacco smoking. IARC, Lyon, France
Meuret G (1974) Human monocytopoiesis. Exp Hemato 2:238–249
Oesch F, Schmassmann H, Ohnhaus E, Althaus U, Lorenz J (1980) Monooxygenase, epoxide hydrolase, and glutathione-S-transferase activities in human lung. Variation between groups of bronchogenic carcinoma and non-cancer patients and interindividual differences. Carcinogenesis 10:827–835
Okano P, Miller NH, Robinson RC, Gelboin HV (1979) Comparison of benzo(a)pyrene and (−)-trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-di-hydrobenzo(a)pyren metabolism in human blood monocytes and lymphocytes. Cancer Res 39:3184–3193
Phillips DH, Hewer A, Grover PL (1986) Aromatic DNA adducts in human bone marrow and peripheral human blood leucocytes. Carcinogenesis 7:2071–2075
Phillips DH, Hemminki K, Alhonen A, Hewer A, Grover PL (1988) Monitoring occupational exposure to carcinogens: detection by32P-postlabelling of aromatic DNA adducts in white blood cells from iron foundry workers. Mutat Res 204:531–541
Phillips DH, Hewer A, Martin CM, Garner RC, King MM (1988) Correlation of DNA adduct levels in human lung with cigarette smoking. Nature 326:790–792
Randerath E, Agrawal HP, Weaver J, Bordelon WC, Randerath K (1985)32P-postlabeling analysis of DNA adducts persisting up to 42 weeks in the skin, epidermis and dermis of mice treated topically with 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene. Carcinogenesis 6:1117–1126
Randerath E, Avitts TA, Reddy MV, Miller RH, Everson RB, Randerath K (1986) Comparative32P-analysis of cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage in human tissues and mouse skin. Cancer Res 46:5869–5877
Rüdiger HW, Lehnert G (1988) Neue Methoden zur Bestimmung von DNA Addukten: Versuch einer Bewertung vor Anwendung in der Arbeitsmedizin. Arbmed Sozmed Prävmed 23:30–33
Sarachi R, Riboli E (1989) Passive smoking and lung cancer: current evidence and ongoing studies. Mutat Res 222:117–127
Watson WP (1987) Post-radiolabelling for detecting DNA damage. Mutagenesis 2:319–331
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Holz, O., Krause, T., Scherer, G. et al. 32P-postlabelling analysis of DNA adducts in monocytes of smokers and passive smokers. Int. Arch Occup Environ Heath 62, 299–303 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00640837
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00640837