Stages of adolescent cigarette smoking acquisition: Measurement and sample profiles☆
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Youth susceptibility to tobacco use in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries, 2001–2018
2022, Preventive Medicine ReportsCitation Excerpt :The point of greatest susceptibility is between the stage of preparation and initiation (Pierce et al., 1996). In this period, an individual starts thinking of initiating tobacco use and perceives positive outcomes from tobacco use (Stern et al., 1987). In addition, physical environment and social contexts, such as homes, schools, and public places, play a fundamental role in creating normative beliefs and expected outcomes related to tobacco use (Aryal and Bhatta, 2015).
Susceptibility to cigarette smoking among middle and high school e-cigarette users in Canada
2017, Preventive MedicineCitation Excerpt :Susceptibility to smoking, defined as the lack of a firm decision not to engage in smoking in the future (Pierce et al., 1996), is a valid indicator of future smoking behavior (Choi et al., 2001; Forrester et al., 2007; Jackson, 1998). In the absence of longitudinal data to track the incidence of cigarette use, examining the susceptibility to cigarette smoking is worthwhile, especially since smoking is a learned behavior that may evolve through several stages from contemplation to initiation (Mayhew et al., 2000; Stern et al., 1987; Jackson, 1998). The contemplation stage is a period when there is heightened risk for adolescents to adopt attitudes towards smoking (Mayhew et al., 2000, Stern et al., 1987; Jackson, 1998), and e-cigarette use at this stage may facilitate the transition to cigarettes given that they are designed to mimic cigarettes, and produce similar feelings as using a cigarette (Wills et al., 2016; Primack et al., 2015).
School bullying and susceptibility to smoking among never-tried cigarette smoking students
2016, Preventive MedicineCitation Excerpt :While the preponderance of evidence from the extant literature suggests a link between bullying and tobacco use, much of this work has focused on those that have already initiated smoking. However, tobacco use is a learned behavior that evolves through several phases, including precontemplation, preparation or contemplation, experimentation, initiation, regular smoking, and addiction (Mayhew et al., 2000; Stern et al., 1987; Jackson, 1998). The preparation or contemplation phase is when adolescents show signs of vulnerability to smoking, it is a period when there is heightened potential to internalize beliefs and norms about smoking (Mayhew et al., 2000; Stern et al., 1987; Jackson, 1998).
Worldwide never-smoking youth susceptibility to smoking
2014, Journal of Adolescent HealthA comparison of daily and occasional smokers' implicit affective responses to smoking cues
2012, Addictive BehaviorsCitation Excerpt :Although many individuals begin smoking in adolescence, a sizable proportion of individuals begin smoking or show increases in smoking behavior after age 18 (e.g., Chassin, Presson, Pitts, & Sherman, 2000; Chassin, Presson, Sherman, & Edwards, 1991). Although several studies have found that many college students explicitly report negative attitudes towards smoking regardless of their own smoking behavior (Elders, Perry, Eriksen, & Giovino, 1994; Goddard, 1992; Johnston, O'Malley, & Bachman, 1996; Stern, Prochaska, Velicer, & Elder, 1987), social desirability may diminish the reporting of positive emotions in self-reports of attitudes towards smoking (e.g., Swanson, Rudman, & Greenwald, 2001). Because of the limitations of explicit measures, researchers use implicit measures to examine smokers' affective reactions to smoking by focusing on their responses to smoking-related cues, such as pictures of cigarettes or other smoking-related objects, using a range of paradigms such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998).
Testing the Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Decisional Balance Scale of the Transtheoretical Model Using the Multi-Trait Multi-Method Approach
2008, Psychology of Addictive Behaviors
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This work was partially supported by Grant CA 27821 from the National Cancer Institute. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Joseph Rossi of the University of Rhode Island for his assistance in data analysis, and the staff of the Pawtucket Heart Health Program for their assistance in data collection.