The quitting experience for smokers in sixth through twelfth grades☆
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2010, Addictive BehaviorsCitation Excerpt :In a study of 1130 adult smokers, the HONC correlated with the number of smoking days in the preceding month, and correlated at a level of r = 0.22 with the number of cigarettes consumed per day, identical to that for ICD-TD (Hughes, Oliveto, et al., 2004; Wellman et al., 2006). Many studies have shown that individuals who initiate smoking at a younger age develop a stronger addiction (Breslau, & Peterson, 1996; Ershler, Leventhal, Fleming, & Glynn, 1989; Escobedo, Marcus, Holtzman, & Giovino, 1993). The ICD-TD criteria did not correlate with age of smoking initiation (O'Loughlin, DiFranza, et al., 2002), but the HONC did: adults who started to smoke at a younger age had higher HONC scores (r = −0.16) (Wellman, Savageau, et al., 2006).
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Acknowledgement: The research on which this paper was based was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse grants DA02336 and DA03530.
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The authors would like to thank Douglas Easterling for his assistance with data analysis and his comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript.
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Current affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Jersey.