Do as I say: Parent smoking, antismoking socialization, and smoking onset among children

doi:10.1016/0306-4603(95)00108-5

Addictive Behaviors

Volume 22, Issue 1, January–February 1997, Pages 107-114

https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(95)00108-5 Get rights and content

Abstract

This study examined relationships between smoking and antismoking practices of parents and early onset of smoking among elementary-grade children. The parent practices we investigated were direct modeling of cigarette smoking and antismoking socialization variables, such as setting rules to eliminate cigarette smoking in the home, awareness of children's smoking behaviors, and making clear the disciplinary consequences of cigarette smoking. Surveying a sample of 1,213 third- and fifth-grade children, we found

1.
(1) children's risk of early onset of smoking increases with level of exposure to parent smoking models;
2.
(2) if one or both parents are current smokers, children who have never tried smoking have significantly greater risk of intending to smoke, perceiving easy access to cigarettes, and being ambivalent about smoking;
3.
(3) risk rates for children of former smokers indicate that parents' quitting smoking does not eradicate the effects of parent modeling; and
4.
(4) children whose parents engage in antismoking socialization have significantly lower rates of smoking onset, even if parents are current smokers. The implications of these results for preventive intervention and future research are discussed.

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^☆: This research was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, grant DA07919. We gratefully acknowledge the participation of the students, parents, teachers, principals, and administrators who made this study possible.

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Do as I say: Parent smoking, antismoking socialization, and smoking onset among children☆

Abstract

Addictive Behaviors

Addictive Behaviors

Addictive Behaviors

Preventing cigarette smoking among school children

Annual Review of Public Health

Predicting the onset of cigarette smoking in adolescents: A longitudinal study

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

The natural history of cigarette smoking: Predicting young-adult smoking outcomes from adolescent smoking patterns

Health Psychology

Adolescent smoking: Research and health policy

The Milbank Quarterly

Why children start smoking cigarettes: predictors of onset

British Journal of Addiction

Preventing adolescent drug use: Long-term results of a junior high program

American Journal of Public Health