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Research paper
Cost-effectiveness of internet and telephone treatment for smoking cessation: an economic evaluation of The iQUITT Study
  1. Amanda L Graham1,2,
  2. Yaojen Chang2,
  3. Ye Fang1,
  4. Nathan K Cobb1,2,3,4,
  5. David S Tinkelman5,
  6. Raymond S Niaura1,2,4,
  7. David B Abrams1,2,4,
  8. Jeanne S Mandelblatt2
  1. 1Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, Legacy, Washington, DC, USA
  2. 2Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
  3. 3Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
  4. 4Department of Health, Behavior and Society, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
  5. 5Department of Health Initiatives, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Amanda L Graham, Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, Legacy, 1724 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20036, USA; agraham{at}legacyforhealth.org

Abstract

Background Internet and telephone treatments for smoking cessation can reach large numbers of smokers. There is little research on their costs and the impact of adherence on costs and effects.

Objective To conduct an economic evaluation of The iQUITT Study, a randomised trial comparing Basic Internet, Enhanced Internet and Enhanced Internet plus telephone counselling (‘Phone’) at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months.

Methods We used a payer perspective to evaluate the average and incremental cost per quitter of the three interventions using intention-to-treat analysis of 30-day single-point prevalence and multiple-point prevalence (MPP) abstinence rates. We also examined results based on adherence. Costs included commercial charges for each intervention. Discounting was not included given the short time horizon.

Results Basic Internet had the lowest cost per quitter at all time points. In the analysis of incremental costs per additional quitter, Enhanced Internet+Phone was the most cost-effective using both single and MPP abstinence metrics. As adherence increased, the cost per quitter dropped across all arms. Costs per quitter were lowest among participants who used the ‘optimal’ level of each intervention, with an average cost per quitter at 3 months of US$7 for Basic Internet, US$164 for Enhanced Internet and US$346 for Enhanced Internet+Phone.

Conclusions ‘Optimal’ adherence to internet and combined internet and telephone interventions yields the highest number of quitters at the lowest cost. Cost-effective means of ensuring adherence to such evidence-based programmes could maximise their population-level impact on smoking prevalence.

  • Cessation
  • Economics
  • Media

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