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Vape-only versus vape-and-smoke shops: sales to minors in four states

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Footnotes

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  • Contributors All authors took an active role in the manuscript. SS took the conceptual lead and wrote much of the text. AG did most of the coding and all of the data analysis, and edited the writing. CDD referred us to the website, provided an overview on types of analyses we could do and assisted in the writing throughout. We all share the four criteria for authorship. The manuscript represents valid work and has not been published nor is being considered for publication elsewhere. Our data from the FDA Compliance Dataset are on an Excel file and are readily available.

  • Funding Research reported in this publication was supported by a California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program Award (TRDRP Grant No. 26IR-0016, Steve Sussman, PI) and a National Cancer Institute and FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) Award (NCI/FDA Grant No. U54CA180905, Mary Ann Pentz and Adam Leventhal, PIs). Effort by CDD was supported in part by funding from NCI/FDA (U54CA046070).

  • Disclaimer TRDRP, NIH or the FDA had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

  • Competing interests None declared.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.