Footnotes

• Twitter @TheodoreCaputi

• Contributors All authors contributed to the drafting and revising of the work.

• Funding This work was supported by funding from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program and Bloomberg Philanthropies.

• Disclaimer The funders played no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

• Competing interests JWA owns equity positions in Health Watcher and Good Analytics. ECL has received consulting fees from Health Watcher and Good Analytics. MD holds equity in Good Analytics and has received consulting fees from Bloomberg LP. TLC received fees from Good Analytics and holds equity in Data Science Solutions. JWA, JEC and MD are the creators of tobaccowatcher.org, a project of the Institute for Global Tobacco Control at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health for the Bloomberg Philanthropies.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

• Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.