Reducing the addictiveness of cigarettes: 
This report was presented by the American Medical Association (AMA) Council on Scientific Affairs to the AMA House of Delegates at its 147th annual meeting in June 1998. The recommendations at the end of the report were adopted by the House as AMA policy.

Jack E Henningfield; Neal L Benowitz; John Slade; Thomas P Houston; Ronald M Davis; Scott D Deitchman

doi:10.1136/tc.7.3.281

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Reducing the addictiveness of cigarettes

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Online download statistics by month:

Online download statistics by month: August 1999 to October 2023

	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Aug 1999	30	65	20
Sep 1999	14	19	7
Oct 1999	25	46	8
Nov 1999	21	32	9
Dec 1999	1	4	3
Jan 2000	19	15	12
Feb 2000	26	30	10
Mar 2000	15	30	18
Apr 2000	14	15	3
May 2000	19	11	1
Jun 2000	11	19	4
Jul 2000	8	13	3
Aug 2000	29	16	9
Sep 2000	12	12	0
Oct 2000	11	16	4
Nov 2000	14	17	3
Dec 2000	17	11	0
Jan 2001	11	19	2
Feb 2001	18	109	5
Mar 2001	15	211	5
Apr 2001	24	190	5
May 2001	20	109	6
Jun 2001	13	92	5
Jul 2001	10	101	1
Aug 2001	7	74	7
Sep 2001	12	79	3
Oct 2001	13	88	1
Nov 2001	12	84	4
Dec 2001	17	69	3
Jan 2002	26	61	4
Feb 2002	10	49	2
Mar 2002	16	323	3
Apr 2002	19	69	3
May 2002	20	50	5
Jun 2002	4	38	6
Jul 2002	13	40	11
Aug 2002	10	47	17
Sep 2002	5	39	16
Oct 2002	15	35	25
Nov 2002	12	46	29
Dec 2002	11	44	7
Jan 2003	6	36	11
Feb 2003	25	33	14
Mar 2003	12	40	9
Apr 2003	14	34	11
May 2003	11	51	17
Jun 2003	6	33	8
Jul 2003	19	109	20
Aug 2003	84	251	13
Sep 2003	36	197	22
Oct 2003	41	209	6
Nov 2003	46	236	28
Dec 2003	28	193	14
Jan 2004	39	196	22
Feb 2004	73	241	19
Mar 2004	63	323	19
Apr 2004	27	309	24
May 2004	42	351	13
Jun 2004	65	345	15
Jul 2004	70	324	14
Aug 2004	66	424	12
Sep 2004	55	324	25
Oct 2004	32	339	21
Nov 2004	34	360	23
Dec 2004	37	400	8
Jan 2005	42	391	36
Feb 2005	25	337	36
Mar 2005	33	234	16
Apr 2005	13	115	21
May 2005	10	126	4
Jun 2005	10	110	7
Jul 2005	12	123	6
Aug 2005	16	140	9
Sep 2005	14	146	16
Oct 2005	28	190	18
Nov 2005	28	290	35
Dec 2005	29	163	9
Jan 2006	16	165	14
Feb 2006	16	131	11
Mar 2006	14	149	10
Apr 2006	17	240	15
May 2006	11	127	15
Jun 2006	12	114	9
Jul 2006	14	88	11
Aug 2006	16	88	13
Sep 2006	22	99	14
Oct 2006	55	143	8
Nov 2006	38	120	17
Dec 2006	31	94	16
Jan 2007	21	108	15
Feb 2007	28	125	13
Mar 2007	36	109	10
Apr 2007	50	14	9
May 2007	43	8	10
Jun 2007	28	17	6
Jul 2007	24	19	11
Aug 2007	26	20	10
Sep 2007	35	9	4
Oct 2007	46	13	11
Nov 2007	39	26	9
Dec 2007	14	6	3
Jan 2008	20	12	8
Feb 2008	40	9	7
Mar 2008	34	16	12
Apr 2008	42	16	6
May 2008	33	7	2
Jun 2008	45	10	5
Jul 2008	28	10	0
Aug 2008	32	15	4
Sep 2008	36	7	4
Oct 2008	35	9	22
Nov 2008	30	15	5
Dec 2008	21	5	2
Jan 2009	15	17	3
Feb 2009	31	11	10
Mar 2009	29	8	5
Apr 2009	26	12	9
May 2009	20	6	3
Jun 2009	9	7	1
Jul 2009	20	7	13
Aug 2009	21	8	7
Sep 2009	17	7	0
Oct 2009	23	10	6
Nov 2009	30	4	8
Dec 2009	14	20	0
Jan 2010	19	46	4
Feb 2010	11	16	3
Mar 2010	29	3	7
Apr 2010	16	11	7
May 2010	10	9	5
Jun 2010	15	6	6
Jul 2010	8	4	4
Aug 2010	26	8	4
Sep 2010	6	11	4
Oct 2010	17	5	3
Nov 2010	33	7	6
Dec 2010	13	5	2
Jan 2011	7	14	4
Feb 2011	13	7	1
Mar 2011	22	1	2
Apr 2011	14	2	3
May 2011	24	5	8
Jun 2011	12	3	1
Jul 2011	21	5	4
Aug 2011	15	8	5
Sep 2011	30	3	8
Oct 2011	19	6	4
Nov 2011	28	27	5
Dec 2011	17	46	7
Jan 2012	30	48	18
Feb 2012	12	39	7
Mar 2012	34	63	15
Apr 2012	19	55	12
May 2012	23	81	10
Jun 2012	19	112	5
Jul 2012	26	68	20
Aug 2012	28	84	10
Sep 2012	32	71	10
Oct 2012	34	108	15
Nov 2012	33	95	14
Dec 2012	58	89	16
Jan 2013	21	77	8
Feb 2013	37	119	9
Mar 2013	39	116	5
Apr 2013	35	131	8
May 2013	33	132	7
Jun 2013	16	57	2
Jul 2013	19	56	1
Aug 2013	26	138	2
Sep 2013	21	78	2
Oct 2013	38	82	6
Nov 2013	24	63	4
Dec 2013	23	81	10
Jan 2014	35	116	7
Feb 2014	40	103	5
Mar 2014	47	124	8
Apr 2014	56	156	9
May 2014	35	142	10
Jun 2014	31	81	17
Jul 2014	44	114	5
Aug 2014	42	103	2
Sep 2014	35	98	7
Oct 2014	64	94	2
Nov 2014	48	90	3
Dec 2014	38	53	7
Jan 2015	48	81	7
Feb 2015	23	68	5
Mar 2015	23	88	6
Apr 2015	23	68	9
May 2015	27	94	6
Jun 2015	28	118	8
Jul 2015	16	114	12
Aug 2015	20	83	2
Sep 2015	26	93	2
Oct 2015	22	61	4
Nov 2015	29	87	12
Dec 2015	29	48	4
Jan 2016	30	65	6
Feb 2016	23	59	7
Mar 2016	17	67	6
Apr 2016	34	176	8
May 2016	16	62	5
Jun 2016	22	155	2
Jul 2016	8	96	1
Aug 2016	40	326	2
Sep 2016	72	84	8
Oct 2016	86	62	15
Nov 2016	46	59	6
Dec 2016	33	64	2
Jan 2017	52	210	10
Feb 2017	30	512	5
Mar 2017	19	537	9
Apr 2017	18	57	2
May 2017	14	74	6
Jun 2017	55	342	7
Jul 2017	292	280	13
Aug 2017	74	50	25
Sep 2017	110	72	14
Oct 2017	134	94	5
Nov 2017	88	78	8
Dec 2017	105	87	6
Jan 2018	96	81	6
Feb 2018	141	108	6
Mar 2018	155	117	22
Apr 2018	156	129	16
May 2018	201	155	17
Jun 2018	166	134	4
Jul 2018	174	164	9
Aug 2018	147	121	9
Sep 2018	131	121	13
Oct 2018	203	189	18
Nov 2018	159	149	10
Dec 2018	101	89	2
Jan 2019	102	97	7
Feb 2019	82	74	5
Mar 2019	92	88	5
Apr 2019	475	474	18
May 2019	96	93	8
Jun 2019	62	61	6
Jul 2019	71	72	6
Aug 2019	59	58	11
Sep 2019	53	54	7
Oct 2019	91	90	8
Nov 2019	66	64	10
Dec 2019	59	57	5
Jan 2020	64	64	7
Feb 2020	60	57	7
Mar 2020	43	42	4
Apr 2020	61	56	5
May 2020	38	34	7
Jun 2020	49	45	13
Jul 2020	69	69	2
Aug 2020	42	41	3
Sep 2020	49	48	8
Oct 2020	89	87	16
Nov 2020	50	47	9
Dec 2020	172	169	15
Jan 2021	41	40	10
Feb 2021	65	63	14
Mar 2021	73	72	12
Apr 2021	86	82	13
May 2021	79	79	8
Jun 2021	80	78	4
Jul 2021	149	148	11
Aug 2021	111	110	6
Sep 2021	120	120	10
Oct 2021	135	133	42
Nov 2021	101	96	27
Dec 2021	90	92	10
Jan 2022	91	90	9
Feb 2022	71	68	5
Mar 2022	87	83	11
Apr 2022	88	88	7
May 2022	83	77	47
Jun 2022	92	93	9
Jul 2022	65	65	7
Aug 2022	90	87	15
Sep 2022	67	66	19
Oct 2022	77	76	10
Nov 2022	107	106	20
Dec 2022	118	116	8
Jan 2023	129	127	7
Feb 2023	61	58	7
Mar 2023	41	44	14
Apr 2023	51	50	11
May 2023	55	50	14
Jun 2023	60	56	7
Jul 2023	48	48	8
Aug 2023	54	53	11
Sep 2023	277	215	18
Oct 2023	2158	2150	10
Total	15489	29263	2721

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