PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - O'Connor, Richard AU - Schneller, Liane M AU - Felicione, Nicholas J AU - Talhout, Reinskje AU - Goniewicz, Maciej Lukasz AU - Ashley, David L TI - Evolution of tobacco products: recent history and future directions AID - 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056544 DP - 2022 Mar 01 TA - Tobacco Control PG - 175--182 VI - 31 IP - 2 4099 - http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/31/2/175.short 4100 - http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/31/2/175.full SO - Tob Control2022 Mar 01; 31 AB - Declines in cigarette smoking prevalence in many countries and the consolidation of the tobacco industry have prompted the introduction of other forms of nicotine delivery. These include electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), heated tobacco products (HTPs) and oral nicotine products (ONPs). Evolving over time, some of these products now deliver nicotine at levels comparable to cigarettes and may serve as effective substitutes for smokers. However, certain products, especially ENDS like JUUL, have also appealed to youth and non-smokers, prompting concerns about expanding nicotine use (and potentially nicotine addiction). The tobacco industry could shift away from primarily promoting cigarettes to promoting ENDS, HTPs and/or ONPs, though at this time it continues to heavily promote cigarettes in low and middle-income countries. Differing regulatory regimes may place upward and downward pressures on both cigarettes and these newer products in terms of population use, and may ultimately drive the extent to which cigarettes are or are not displaced by ENDS, HTPs and/or ONPs in the coming decade.