Review of literature on prevalence of tobacco consumption in India
| Reference | Study population | Sample size | Year | Prevalence of tobacco consumption (indicators presented in the published study) | Comparative estimates for the same comparable sub-sample of population from the current study based on authors’ calculations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NA, not available. | |||||
| National level studies | |||||
| National Sample Survey Organization (1998) and author’s calculations | 52nd round; nationally representative survey of all the states and union territories. The data were elicited using household informants | 396546 individuals 15 years and above | 1995–96 | 51.3% men and 10.3% women consumed some form of tobacco; 19.2% current smokers (35.3% men and 2.6% women), 16.4% (24% men and 8.6% women) chew tobacco | 47% of men and 14% of women consumed some form of tobacco; 16.2% current smokers (29.4% men and 2.3% women) and 20.5% chew tobacco (28.3% men and 18% women) |
| WHO (1997)1 | Sample size or methodology not known | 15 years and above | 1997 | 65% of all men and 33% of all women consumed some form of tobacco; smoking 35% of all men and 3% of female | 47% of men and 14% of women consumed some form of tobacco; 29.4% of men and 2.3% of women smoked |
| Local studies | |||||
| Kutty et al (1990)9 | Rural population of Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala | 1130 respondents aged 25–64 years | 1990 | Overall smoking prevalence 21.9% (15.1–28.7%) | 18.5% (17.1–20%) in rural Kerala |
| Venkat Narayan et al (1996)10 | Population based representative study in Delhi urban sample based on sampling frame of 1981 census population | 13558 individuals 25–64 years | 1985–86 | 45% (43.8–46.2%) of men and 7% (6.4–7.6%) of women were smokers | 32.7% (30%–35.5%) men and 2.3% women (1.8% to 2.9%) in Delhi |
| Gupta (1996)11 | Bombay urban sample; cross sectional individual self reports, population based with under-sampling of upper middle and higher economic classes | 99598 individuals (60% women, 40% men) 35 years and older | 1992–94 | 57.5% prevalence of tobacco use in women, 69.3% current tobacco use in men. 23.6% of men were smokers | 18.3% (15.0–22.0%) women and 43.7% (39.5–48.1%) men use tobacco; 21% (18.1–24.1%) men smoked tobacco |
| Gupta et al (1997)12 | Census sampling in three villages in Naguar district in Rajasthan | 1982 men and 1060 women 20 years or older | NA | 51% of men and 5% of women smoked tobacco | 50.5% (48.1–53.0%) men and 6.0% (4.6–7.9%) women |
| Shah and Vaite (2002)13 | Pavement dwellers in Mumbai, India; accidental sampling | 400 pavement dwellers (83% male of average age 33 years) | 2002 | 86% reported using tobacco. Raw tobacco used by more than half, 30% smoked bidis, 24% used pan, 20% used gutkha, and 8% smoked cigarettes. | No comparable sample can be defined |
| Shah S and Vaite S (2002)14 | Street children in Mumbai, India; accidental sampling | 400 street children,6–19 years old (mean age was 15 years, 98% were male) | 2002 | 46.8% used gutkha, 39.5% smoked bidis, 28% smoked cigarettes | No comparable sample can be defined |