Geometric means and their 95% confidence intervals for measures of nicotine contamination in different exposure groups
| Nicotine contamination | No exposure | Indirect exposure | Direct exposure | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | No indoor smoking | |||
| *Geometric mean of the highest contamination level measured over the course of one week. | ||||
| †Sample sizes for no exposure (NEG), all indirect exposure (IEG), and direct exposure (DEG) households. | ||||
| ‡Geometric mean of the average contamination level measured over the course of one week. | ||||
| §Percentage of samples with nicotine levels above the level of detection (LOD). | ||||
| Air (μg/m3) | ||||
| Living room (n* = 16, 17, 15) | 0.10 (0.06 to 0.15) | 0.32 (0.12 to 0.55) | 0.32 (0.08 to 0.62) | 2.57 (1.61 to 3.89) |
| Bedroom (n = 17, 17, 15) | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.16) | 0.22 (0.12 to 0.37) | 0.23 (0.10 to 0.38) | 1.50 (0.82 to 2.42) |
| % above LOD | 97 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Surface: living room (μg/m2) | ||||
| Maximum† (n = 10, 17, 15) | 0 | 19.89 (3.41 to 38.99) | 20.19 (0.00 to 38.01) | 73.05 (32.09 to 126.71) |
| Average‡ (n = 10, 17, 15) | 0 | 10.68 (2.62 to 19.38) | 10.08 (0.01 to 21.10) | 51.33 (19.17 to 32.16) |
| % above LOD§ | 0 | 51 | 39 | 88 |
| Surface: bedroom (μg/m2) | ||||
| Maximum* (n† = 10, 17, 15) | 0 | 10.82 (5.84 to 16.03) | 9.11 (3.99 to 14.49) | 56.26 (32.24 to 84.64) |
| Average‡ (n = 10,17,15) | 0 | 9.00 (4.35 to 13.86) | 8.19 (2.69 to 14.98) | 41.85 (24.71 to 59.09) |
| % above LOD | 0 | 53 | 49 | 88 |
| Index finger (μg/wipe) | ||||
| Average (n = 3, 4, 7) | 0 | 0.63 (0.00 to 2.4) | 0.62 (0.00 to 5.60) | 0.65 (0.16 to 1.36) |
| % above LOD (n = 3, 4, 7) | 0 | 100 | 100 | 92 |
| Dust: living room (μg/m2) | ||||
| Maximum (n = 0, 15, 14) | NA | 4.43 (1.04 to 18.86) | 2.82 (0.00 to 17.69) | 64.00 (15.51 to 254.93) |
| Average (n = 0, 15, 14) | NA | 2.22 (0.03 to 9.01) | 1.82 (0.00 to 8.62) | 6.85 (3.76 to 15.37) |
| % above LOD | NA | 38 | 35 | 55 |
| Dust: bedroom (μg/m2) | ||||
| Maximum (n = 0, 14, 13) | NA | 3.22 (0.00 to 9.50) | 1.57 (0.00 to 6.91) | 15.84 (4.44 to 51.17) |
| Average (n = 0, 14, 13) | NA | 0.89 (0.01 to 2.58) | 0.71 (0.00 to 2.25) | 5.37 (1.61 to 15.53) |
| % above LOD | NA | 52 | 56 | 70 |