Table 1

Gambling interests with ties to the tobacco industry

Organisation	Tobacco industry affiliation	Date	Testified at OSHA	Active at ASHRAE	Member of HCIAQ
AGA, American Gaming Association; ASHRAE, American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers; HCIAQ, Hospitality Coalition on Indoor Air Quality; OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PM, Philip Morris; RJR, RJ Reynolds.
AE Associates^34,^57,^61,^97–⁹⁹	According to Mayada Logue, “AE Engineering understands our issues and agrees with and uses the concepts of proper designs for smoking areas”. Engineer Robert Finnegan is listed as PM contact for a number of casinos participating in ventilation projects monitored by PM’s Accommodation Program	1994–1997		✓
American Gaming Association	President Frank Fahrenkopf, former lobbyist for Tobacco Institute Washoe County (NV) has a “relationship” with Mayada Logue of PM worldwide regulatory affairs (WRA)	1997–2003		✓	✓
American Hotel and Motel Association^51,^100–¹⁰²	Received funding from PM’s Accommodation Program and RJR. Launched Partnership with the PM’s Accommodation Program. Hosted PM’s Accommodation Program sponsored roundtable on Indoor Air Quality. According to Robert Meyne of RJR, “hands-down the most supportive, dependable, and deserving hospitality organization”	1996–2003		✓	✓
Australian Hotels Association⁹³ (Tasmania)	Financed by tobacco industry to oppose smoke-free legislation through surveys, promotional videos, and information packets for members of Parliament.	2001
Burswood Casino^13,¹⁶ (Western Australia)	PM “assisted in the defence of casino against a claim by the state of Western Australia that employees were exposed to unsafe amounts of ETS”	1993
Floyd and Associates⁶⁵	Received payment from PM WRA for work with “Casino Association” regarding ASHRAE 62–89	1997–1998
Hotel Association of Canada⁷¹	Participated in tobacco industry’s Courtesy of Choice Program	1997		✓
JBA Consulting Engineers^57,¹⁰³	Donald Koch (engineer), in a 1998 fax to PM, explained that in regards to casinos, “limited smoking by customers is not an option”. Suggested transferring air to kitchen	1998		✓
Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce^20,¹⁰⁴	Publicly sponsored PM organised economic impact study in 1996 by Dr John Dobra. In 2001, member of PM Field Action Team	1996–2001
McMullen Strategic Group^99–¹⁰³	Government/strategic affairs firm in Nevada hired by PM. Signed professional service agreement with PM to “develop constituencies” in Nevada. Samuel McMullen was state coordinator of PM Field Action Team, Nevada	1994–2001
Montana Tavern Association^105–¹⁰⁸	Received continuous funding from RJR State Government Affairs. Conducted and publicised study done by Roper Starch worldwide polling firm paid for by an unrestricted grant from PM. Results showed that an overwhelming majority of bar and tavern owners in Montana felt that OSHA’s rule would hurt business	1999	✓
Nevada Northern Gaming Industry Association¹⁰⁹	Represented at OSHA hearings by Samuel McMullen (PM lobbyist) who testified without any evidence to support his claims that smokers made up 70% of the customers of the casinos he represented	1994	✓
Nevada Resort Association^104–^107,¹¹⁰	Lobbyist Harvey Whittemore is lobbyist for RJR. Member of PM Field Action Team, Nevada	1994–2001	✓	✓	✓
Ren-Sparks Chamber of Commerce^20,¹⁰⁴	President David Howard testified at OSHA that the proposed rule would be “devastating to Nevada’s small business industry”. Publicly sponsored PM organised economic impact report by Dr John Dobra. Member of PM Field Action Team, Nevada	1994–2001	✓
Therdore Sterling and Associates^9,^10,^52,^53,^57,^74,¹¹¹	Longstanding ties to the tobacco industry. As of 2003, Elia Sterling (president) serving as technical advisor to the AGA and represents gambling interests at ASHRAE. Working with AGA and “a hospitality association for indoor air quality” to update his previous study examining the impact of ventilation systems on air quality of modern casinos	1973–2003		✓