Smoking prevalence predicted from tobacco source and access measures, multi-level modelling for 8th grade
Fixed effect | Regression coefficient | SE | t Ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Model for individuals (n = 5697) | |||
Commercial sources | 0.096 | 0.038 | 2.47* |
Grey market sources | 0.017 | 0.056 | 0.31 |
Social sources | 0.607 | 0.031 | 18.99** |
Stole from home | 0.199 | 0.045 | 4.43** |
Model for communities (n = 75) | |||
Population smoking mean | 0.127 | 0.008 | 14.86** |
Year | −0.005 | 0.004 | −1.14 |
Merchant sales rate (MSR) | 0.020 | 0.018 | 1.11 |
Cross level effects | |||
MSR → Commercial sources | −0.274 | 0.116 | −2.36* |
MSR → Grey market sources | 0.060 | 0.143 | 0.43 |
MSR → Social sources | 0.145 | 0.071 | 2.04* |
MSR → Stole from home | −0.050 | 0.104 | −0.48 |
Random effect | Variance component | SE | t Value |
---|---|---|---|
*p<0.05; **p<0.01. | |||
Community smoking means | 0.001 | 0.000 | 2.87* |
Commercial source slopes | 0.020 | 0.010 | 2.00* |
Grey market source slopes | 0.059 | 0.020 | 2.97* |
Social source slopes | 0.036 | 0.009 | 3.89** |
Stole from home slopes | 0.065 | 0.017 | 3.75** |
Individual students | 0.043 | 0.001 | 51.71** |