Table 1

 Hypothetical populations with 3% inaccurate CCR measurement

Self report
CCR (ng/mg)SmokerNon-smokerTotalLee’s misclassification formula
CCR, cotinine/creatinine
A: If 10% smoke
High (>100)9727124=27/124=0.21 (21%)
Low (<100)3873876
Total1009001000
B: If 30% smoke
High (>100)29121312=21/312=0.06 (6%)
Low (<100)9679688
Total3007001000