Predictors of presence, uptake and regressing of smoke-free homes
| Predictors | Smoke-free homes§ OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| W1 Presence | W1–W2 Uptake† | W1–W2 Regressing‡ | |
| n = 6226 | n = 4053 | n = 1505 | |
| *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001. | |||
| †Limited to those who did not have smoke-free homes in Wave 1 and who were smokers on both occasions. | |||
| ‡Limited to those who reported having smoke-free homes at Wave 1 and who were smokers on both occasions. | |||
| §Significant interaction terms for presence, uptake and regress models are not shown in the table above but are reported in the text. | |||
| CI, confidence interval, ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; OR, odds ratio. | |||
| Age (years) | |||
| 18–24 | 2.09 (0.97 to 4.51) | 3.63 (1.26 to 10.45)* | 0.32 (0.03 to 3.55) |
| 25 to 39 | 1.78 (1.05 to 3.02)* | 1.68 (0.80 to 3.51) | 0.37 (0.12 to 1.12) |
| 40–54 | 1.18 (0.69 to 1.99) | 1.19 (0.56 to 2.51) | 0.96 (0.35 to 2.65) |
| 55+ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 0.83 (0.60 to 1.15) | 1.45 (0.79 to 2.65) | 0.64 (0.28 to 1.45) |
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Education | |||
| Low | 1.05 (0.86 to 1.28) | 1.10 (0.76 to 1.60) | 1.86 (0.99 to 3.51) |
| Moderate | 1.03 (0.84 to 1.27) | 1.06 (0.72 to 1.55) | 1.47 (0.78 to 2.78) |
| High | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Income | |||
| Low | 0.65 (0.54 to 0.79)*** | 0.78 (0.56 to 1.10) | 1.29 (0.76 to 2.18) |
| Moderate | 0.73 (0.62 to 0.85)*** | 0.88 (0.67 to 1.17) | 1.02 (0.64 to 1.63) |
| High | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Refused | 0.86 (0.64 to 1.14) | 0.58 (0.33 to 1.03) | 1.09 (0.51 to 2.32) |
| Minority status | |||
| Mainstream and non-identified | |||
| minorities | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Identified minority | 0.97 (0.80 to 1.18) | 0.85 (0.59 to 1.21) | 1.77 (1.07 to 2.92)* |
| Country | |||
| Canada | 0.84 (0.53 to 1.33) | 1.06 (0.76 to 1.48) | 10.31 (5.47 to 19.43)*** |
| USA | 1.01 (0.63 to 1.62) | 0.79 (0.53 to 1.17) | 7.56 (3.93 to 14.55)*** |
| UK | 0.44 (0.28 to 0.69)*** | 0.67 (0.47 to 0.95)* | 1.88 (0.84 to 4.21) |
| Australia | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Household composition (adults) | |||
| Living alone | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| With other smokers | 1.62 (0.93 to 2.85) | 2.22 (0.81 to 6.13) | 0.14 (0.03 to 0.66)* |
| Mixed smokers and non-smokers | 3.50 (2.27 to 5.39)*** | 5.16 (2.29 to 11.65)*** | 0.04 (0.01 to 0.15)*** |
| Youngest child in household (wave 2) | |||
| Infant | 2.51 (1.73 to 3.65)*** | 3.69 (2.13 to 6.37)*** | 0.37 (0.10 to 1.33) |
| Pre-primary | 2.64 (2.17 to 3.21)*** | 1.43 (0.99 to 2.06) | 0.74 (0.44 to 1.22) |
| Pre-teen | 1.60 (1.32 to 1.94)*** | 1.14 (0.81 to 1.60) | 0.56 (0.32 to 0.98)* |
| Teen | 1.25 (1.01 to 1.56)* | 1.25 (0.87 to 1.80) | 0.74 (0.39 to 1.41) |
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Smoking status | |||
| Daily smokers | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Less than daily | 1.09 (0.86 to 1.38) | 0.71 (0.44 to 1.14) | 1.54 (0.77 to 3.07) |
| Heaviness of smoking index | 0.75 (0.71 to 0.78)*** | 0.78 (0.72 to 0.84)*** | 1.35 (1.17 to 1.56)*** |
| Attitudes to bans elsewhere | 2.17 (1.74 to 2.71)*** | 1.40 (0.96 to 2.04) | 0.49 (0.27 to 0.86)* |
| Reported bans in bars | |||
| Total bans | 1.10 (0.83 to 1.46) | 1.84 (1.17 to 2.90)** | 0.88 (0.37 to 2.10) |
| Partial/none | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not visited venues last 6 months | 1.07 (0.91 to 1.25) | 1.06 (0.80 to 1.41) | 1.18 (0.75 to 1.84) |
| Reported bans in restaurants | |||
| Total bans | 1.08 (0.91 to 1.27) | 1.13 (0.84 to 1.51) | 0.62 (0.38 to 1.01) |
| Partial/none | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not visited venues last 6 months | 0.87 (0.67 to 1.12) | 1.07 (0.71 to 1.63) | 0.70 (0.31 to 1.57) |
| Reported bans in workplace | |||
| Total bans | 1.13 (0.95 to 1.35) | 1.05 (0.78 to 1.41) | 0.99 (0.61 to 1.63) |
| Partial/none | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not employed outside of homes | 1.08 (0.89 to 1.30) | 1.16 (0.84 to 1.60) | 0.97 (0.57 to 1.66) |
| Reported bans in homes at Wave 1 | |||
| Partial | – | 1.09 (0.86 to 1.40) | – |
| None | – | 1.00 | – |
| Believe ETS causes lung cancer | |||
| Yes | 1.22 (1.04 to 1.44)* | 1.12 (0.86 to 1.47) | 0.69 (0.44 to 1.09) |
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Social denormalisation index | 1.24 (1.11 to 1.38)*** | 0.95 (0.79 to 1.15) | 0.90 (0.65 to 1.23) |
| 5 closest friends who smoke | 0.86 (0.82 to 0.90)*** | 0.96 (0.90 to 1.04) | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.08) |
| Intention to quit | |||
| Not planning | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Beyond 6 months | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.07) | 1.47 (1.07 to 2.02)* | 1.11 (0.66 to 1.84) |
| Within 6 months | 1.00 (0.82 to 1.22) | 1.43 (0.99 to 2.05) | 1.19 (0.68 to 2.09) |
| Within a month | 1.03 (0.81 to 1.31) | 1.59 (1.01 to 2.50)* | 1.32 (0.64 to 2.71) |
| Recent quit attempts (Wave 1) | |||
| No attempts | 1.00 | – | – |
| Tried but failed | 0.92 (0.78 to 1.08) | – | – |
| Recent quit attempts (Wave 2) | |||
| No attempts | – | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Tried but failed | – | 1.49 (1.16 to 1.92)** | 0.77 (0.50 to 1.18) |
| Past quit experience | |||
| Never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1 week or less | 1.01 (0.79 to 1.29) | 0.96 (0.64 to 1.43) | 0.83 (0.45 to 1.52) |
| >1 week to <6 months | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.36) | 1.09 (0.78 to 1.54) | 0.94 (0.57 to 1.54) |
| 6 months or more | 1.36 (1.12 to 1.65)** | 1.04 (0.73 to 1.48) | 0.43 (0.25 to 0.74)** |
| Nagelkerke R2 | 0.305 | 0.140 | 0.317 |