Regression results of the effect of state tobacco control funding, cigarette taxes and the MSA on retail cigarette promotions, 1994–2004
| Independent variable | Percentage of sales promoted | Multipack value as a percentage of usual price | Cents-off value as a percentage of usual price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | OLS coefficient (standard error) | OLS coefficient (standard error) | |
| CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; MSA, Master Settlement Agreement; OLC, ordinary least squares; TCP, tobacco control programme. | |||
| Models controlled for brand market share, Herfindahl index of industry concentration, unemployment rate, quadratic time trend, cigarette brand, market, and calendar quarter. | |||
| *p<0.10; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01. | |||
| TCP funding: <25% of CDC minimum | 1.0 | Reference for funding variables | Reference for funding variables |
| TCP funding: 25–50% of CDC minimum | 1.139*** (1.108 to 1.170) | 0.002 (0.004) | −0.006** (0.003) |
| TCP funding: >50% of CDC minimum | 1.231*** (1.204 to 1.258) | 0.002 (0.003) | −0.005 (0.004) |
| Cigarette excise tax, $/pack | 2.155*** (2.071 to 2.242) | 0.022*** (0.006) | 0.005 (0.007) |
| MSA (1 = yes, 0 = no) | 1.564*** (1.518 to 1.612) | 0.071*** (0.006) | −0.031*** (0.003) |
| R2 | 0.5317 | 0.5264 | 0.5168 |
| Number of observations | 110398 | 8432 | 4111 |