Variable | Category | Sample size | Proportional odds ratio (95% CI) | ||
Crude | Adjusted | ||||
Receptivity to tobacco marketing | No receptivity | 312 | Reference | Reference | |
Moderate receptivity | 91 | 4.14 | 3.58 (2.20 to 5.82) | ||
High receptivity | 381 | 3.06 | 2.51 (1.76 to 3.58) | ||
Movie smoking (occurrences seen) | First quartile* | 49 | Reference | Reference | |
Second quartile | 146 | 1.10 | 0.94 (0.44 to 2.01) | ||
Third quartile | 234 | 1.35 | 1.03 (0.50 to 2.09) | ||
Fourth quartile | 355 | 1.70 | 1.02 (0.50 to 2.07) | ||
Child gender | Male | 418 | Reference | Reference | |
Female | 366 | 0.98 | 1.11 (0.79 to 1.57) | ||
Child age | 10ā11 years | 91 | Reference | Reference | |
12 years | 194 | 2.75 | 2.90 (1.43 to 5.88) | ||
13ā14 years | 499 | 7.03 | 7.26 (3.73 to 14.14) | ||
Parent education | Both completed high school | 498 | Reference | Reference | |
Neither or one completed high school | 286 | 1.34 | 1.21 (0.87 to 1.68) | ||
Parent or sibling smokes | No | 231 | Reference | Reference | |
Yes | 553 | 2.12 | 1.71 (1.18 to 2.48) | ||
Any friends smoke | No | 124 | Reference | Reference | |
Yes | 660 | 3.81 | 1.82 (1.07 to 3.07) | ||
School performance | Excellent | 128 | Reference | Reference | |
Good | 251 | 1.23 | 0.88 (0.54 to 1.45) | ||
Average/below average | 405 | 2.09 | 1.08 (0.67 to 1.73) | ||
Sensation seeking | Lowest third | 101 | Reference | Reference | |
Middle third | 197 | 1.29 | 0.92 (0.51 to 1.65) | ||
Highest third | 486 | 3.47 | 1.74 (1.02 to 2.98) | ||
Rebelliousness | Lowest third | 35 | Reference | Reference | |
Middle third | 185 | 1.37 | 0.91 (0.35 to 2.33) | ||
Highest third | 564 | 3.66 | 1.45 (0.57 to 3.66) | ||
Self-esteem | Lowest third | 368 | Reference | Reference | |
Middle third | 270 | 0.86 | 1.14 (0.81 to 1.62) | ||
Highest third | 146 | 0.64 | 1.10 (0.69 to 1.74) | ||
Maternal demandingness | Lowest third | 309 | Reference | Reference | |
Middle third | 277 | 0.60 | 0.74 (0.52 to 1.05) | ||
Highest third | 198 | 0.63 | 1.04 (0.68 to 1.58) | ||
Maternal responsiveness | Lowest third | 387 | Reference | Reference | |
Middle third | 251 | 0.59 | 0.84 (0.59 to 1.22) | ||
Highest third | 146 | 0.53 | 0.64 (0.41 to 1.02) | ||
Parental disapproval of smoking | Both disapprove | 486 | Reference | Reference | |
Neither or mixed disapproval | 298 | 1.79 | 1.36 (0.99 to 1.88) |
*Quartiles of exposure were determined on the entire cross-sectional sample, including never-smokers; school is included as a covariate.