Table 2 Advertising themes and demographic targets
Demographic targetCigarette brandTheme related to: 1 = individual, 2 = social value
Adolescents (12–18 years old)Clas Mild (kretek filter)Enjoyment, pleasure (1)
Being a modern woman (1)
Star Mild (kretek filter)Friendship/social (1)
Adventure/sports (1)
Masculinity (1)
Djarum Super (kretek filter)Marlboro Filter (white)Adventure/sports (1)Adventure/sports(1)
Sampoerna Hijau (kretek filter)Friendship/social (1)
Masculinity (1)
Young adults (19–25 years old)LA Lights (kretek filter)Enjoyment, pleasure (1)
Control of emotions/balance (1)
Being a modern woman (1)
Clas Mild (kretek filter)Enjoyment, pleasure (1)
Being a modern woman (1)
Gudang Garam (kretek filter)Masculinity (1)
Nationalism (2)
Djarum Black (kretek filter)Modernity (2)
Control of emotions/balance (1)
Djarum Super (kretek filter)Adventure/sports (1)
Marlboro Filter (white)Adventure/sports (1)
Masculinity (1)
Lucky Strike filter (white)Adventure/sports (1)
Marlboro Mix 9 (kretek filter)Adventure/sports (1)
Masculinity (1)
Tradition (2)
Adults (26–35 years old)Dji Sam Soe (kretek)Masculinity (1)
Tradition (2)
Adventure/sports (1)
Djarum Super (kretek filter)Adventure/sports (1)
Sampoerna A Mild (kretek filter)Expressing critical political views (2)
Control of emotions/balance (1)
Sampoerna (all of their kreteks; adverts representing the company not particular brands)Tradition (2)Nationalism (2)
Gudang Garam International (kretek filter)Modernity/Indonesian modernity(2)
Masculinity (1)
Globalisation (2)
Marlboro Filter (white)Adventure/sports (1)
Masculinity (1)
Marlboro Mix 9 (kretek filter)Adventure/sports (1)
Masculinity (1)
Tradition (2)
Older adults (36–60 years old)Diplomat Wismilak (kretek filter)Globalisation (2)
Modernity/Indonesian modernity (2)
Dji Sam Soe (kretek filter)Tradition (2); Loyalty (2)
Djarum 76 (kretek)Tradition (2); Nationalism (2)
Gudang Garam International (kretek filter)Modernity/Indonesian modernity(2)/Globalisation (2)
Masculinity (1)