Characteristic | No (%) |
Age of uptake of smoking | |
0–9 | 2 (0.93) |
10–19 | 102 (47.89) |
20–29 | 82 (38.50) |
30–39 | 20 (9.39) |
40–49 | 7 (3.29) |
Sources of cigarettes | |
Shops | 58 (27.23) |
Pubs and drinking spots | 144 (67.61) |
Roadside | 11 (5.16) |
Primary brand (manufacturer) of cigarettes used | |
State Express 555 (BAT) | 27 (12.68) |
Bond (smuggled, originating in Togo) | 12 (5.63) |
Diplomat (BAT) | 8 (3.76) |
Gold Seal (smuggled, originating in Togo) | 10 (4.69) |
King Size (BAT) | 46 (21.60) |
London Brown (BAT) | 91 (42.72) |
London White (BAT) | 12 (5.63) |
Pall Mall (BAT) | 6 (2.82) |
Craven (smuggled from Côte d’Ivoire) | 1 (0.50) |
Form of tobacco used* | |
Manufactured cigarettes | 213 (100) |
Pipes | 6 (2.82) |
Cigar | 17 (7.98) |
Smokeless (moist snuff, nasal snuff, chew) | 54 (25.35) |
Amount spent on cigarette/day (in Ghanaian cedis) | |
Less than 0.5 | 76 (35.98) |
0.5–1 | 50 (23.36) |
1.1–5 | 62 (28.97) |
>5 | 25 (11.68) |
Levels of addiction | |
Very low dependence | 25 (11.27) |
Low dependence | 80 (37.74) |
Medium dependence | 27 (12.74) |
High dependence | 56 (26.42) |
Very high dependence | 24 (11.32) |
*Multiple responses (in addition to cigarettes could respond to any).