Table 3

Gender-specific age-adjusted and cohort-adjusted and multivariable HRs for current smokers according to number of years smoked, average number of cigarettes smoked and age at starting smoking

	Never smoker	Former smoker	Number of years smoked				p for trend	Former smoker	Average number of cigarettes smoked			p For trend	Former Smoker	Age at starting smoking			p For trend
	Never smoker	Former smoker	1 to 9	10 to 19	20 to 29	30 and more	p for trend	Former smoker	1 to 9	10 to 19	20 and more	p For trend	Former Smoker	19 years old and younger	20 to 24 years old	20 to 24 years old	p For trend
Male
No at risk	28720	35079	432	2619	28484	42293		35079	3604	18116	53337		35079	19426	44922	9571
Person-years	278921	328883	4216	25593	274384	390290		328883	32938	168561	504327		328883	181623	422497	91229
Total cardiovascular disease
No of cases	698	1225	9	33	284	1937	0.39	1225	179	759	1409		1225	477	1423	366
Adjusted HR	1.00	1.18 (1.08,1.30)	1.75 (0.91,3.38)	1.77 (1.24,2.52)	1.61 (1.43,1.82)	1.46 (1.34,1.60)	0.39	1.42 (1.22 to 1.66)	1.87 (1.50 to 2.33)	1.65 (1.38 to 1.98)	1.71 (1.43 to 2.04)	<.0001	1.43 (1.22 to 1.67)	1.85 (1.52 to 2.24)	1.75 (1.47 to 2.09)	1.52 (1.26 to 1.84)	<.0001
Coronary heart disease
No of cases	118	298	3	10	76	478	0.45	298	29	161	387		298	126	366	75
Adjusted HR	1.00	1.73 (1.40,2.14)	3.16 (1.00,9.95)	2.78 (1.43,5.39)	2.15 (1.53,3.03)	2.18 (1.78,2.68)	0.45	1.83 (1.30 to 2.58)	1.62 (0.97 to 2.07)	1.80 (1.21 to 2.68)	2.28 (1.56 to 3.34)	<.0001	1.85 (1.31 to 2.61)	2.32 (1.53 to 3.49)	2.22 (1.52 to 3.26)	1.61 (1.06 to 2.46)	<.0001
All stroke
No of cases	338	506	3	10	107	766	0.26	506	89	304	540		506	178	547	162
Adjusted HR	1.00	1.00 (0.87,1.15)	1.24 (0.40,3.85)	1.18 (0.62,2.23)	1.34 (1.03,1.74)	1.20 (1.06,1.37)	0.26	1.25 (0.99 to 1.58)	1.96 (1.42 to 2.72)	1.41 (1.07 to 1.86)	1.43 (1.09 to 1.86)	0.0008	1.97 (1.39 to 2.77)	1.53 (1.14 to 2.06)	1.46 (1.12 to 1.91)	1.43 (1.07 to 1.91)	0.04

Female
No at risk	140379	3714	1249	3050	4501	3221		3714	2718	5329	4252		3714	891	3386	7816
Person-years	1379703	33517	11852	28779	41604	28237		33517	25131	49132	38830		33517	7915	31019	72229
Total cardiovascular disease
No of cases	2402	127	16	40	80	209	0.03	127	93	163	110		127	23	82	242
Adjusted HR	1.00	1.48 (1.23,1.77)	1.58 (0.97,2.59)	1.66 (1.21,2.28)	2.04 (1.63,2.55)	1.85 (1.61,2.14)	0.03	1.56 (1.18 to 2.07)	1.75 (1.24 to 2.46)	1.93 (1.40 to 2.67)	2.32 (1.64 to 3.29)	<.0001	1.57 (1.19 to 2.08)	2.18 (1.30 to 3.67)	2.56 (1.75 to 3.74)	1.87 (1.38 to 2.53)	<.0001
Coronary heart disease
No of cases	375	30	5	6	21	46	0.24	30	21	33	31		30	10	20	49
Adjusted HR	1.00	2.38 (1.63,3.46)	3.22 (1.33,7.80)	1.62 (0.72,3.64)	3.47 (2.22,5.40)	2.79 (2.05,3.82)	0.24	2.01 (1.05 to 3.84)	1.95 (0.90 to 4.23)	1.89 (0.90 to 3.98)	3.09 (1.44 to 6.63)	0.02	2.07 (1.08 to 3.95)	4.87 (1.88 to 12.6)	3.11 (1.35 to 7.21)	1.96 (0.96 to 3.96)	0.01
All stroke
No of cases	1134	50	8	22	34	86	0.49	50	40	68	48		50	6	33	112
Adjusted HR	1.00	1.26 (0.95,1.68)	1.65 (0.82,3.31)	1.92 (1.26,2.94)	1.82 (1.29,2.56)	1.68 (1.34,2.09)	0.49	1.57 (1.05 to 2.35)	2.13 (1.31 to 3.48)	2.27 (1.43 to 3.61)	2.85 (1.72 to 4.70)	0.0006	1.56 (1.04 to 2.34)	1.61 (0.64 to 4.03)	2.86 (1.693 to 5.02)	2.30 (1.50 to 3.52)	0.0006

Adjusted HR, HR adjusted by age and cohort.