Total nicotine values represent measurements made in triplicate unless noted otherwise; total nicotine and calculated unionised nicotine are presented as mg/g wet weight. pH and total nicotine values were produced form measurements of three separate samples of tobacco (n=3) unless otherwise noted.

↵* Product categories are: I) tobacco only (with or without flavorants), II) tobacco with alkaline modifier, and III) tobacco with areca nut and slaked lime (with or without piper betel leaf and catechu). These product designations were made based on ingredients listed on packaging, product pH and the presence or absence of areca nut based on analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR).

↵† WHO Regions: SEARO=Southeast Asia; EMRO=Eastern Mediterranean; AFRO=Africa; EURO=Europe; AMRO=Americas.

↵‡ Due to limited sample size, pH measurements were made in duplicate (n=2).

↵§ The tobacco in this product is most similar to Nicotiana rustica L., a high nicotine-containing species, as determined by FT/IR.

↵¶ The presence of areca nut (Areca catechu L.) in this product was confirmed by FT/IR.

↵** FT/IR determination of tobacco type was inconclusive because the sample did not match the spectra for N tabacum or N rustica; these products may contain another tobacco species. Identification of chimó by FT/IR may be affected by product preparation.

↵†† FT/IR analysis revealed that these products contain little or no areca nut (A catechu L.).

↵‡‡ Due to limited sample size, only one pH measurement was performed.

↵§§ The tobacco in this product is most similar to N tabacum the species most commonly used in U.S. products when analysed by FT/IR.

↵¶¶ Total nicotine values for this product were measured eight times (n=8).