Toxicity summary
| Species | Cigarette butts/l | ||
| USF | SF | SCB | |
| Topsmelt LC50 | 5.1 (4.6–5.7) | 1.8 (1.5–2.0) | 1.1 (0.95–1.3) |
| Fathead minnow LC50 | 13.5 (11.4–15.9) | 4.3 (3.7–5.1) | 0.97 (0.84–1.1) |
| Daphnid (D magna)* LC50 | >16 | 1.0–2.0 | 0.125–0.25† |
| Daphnid (C cf dubia)‡ EC50 (immobilisation) | NA | NA | 0.03–0.08 (0.02–0.12) |
| Daphnid (C cf dubia)§ EC50 (immobilisation) | 1.7 (1.4–2.06) | 0.16 (0.09–0.27) | 0.06 (0.05–0.08) |
| Marine bacterium (V fischeri)‡ EC50 (bioluminescence) | NA | NA | 0.3–2.7 (0.3–3.5) |
| Marine bacterium (V fischeri)§ EC50 (bioluminescence) | > 970 | 1.25 (1.21–1.33) | 0.58 (0.53–0.63) |
LC50 and EC50 values (with 95% CIs) for leachates from unsmoked cigarette filters (USF) (no tobacco), smoked cigarette filters (SF) (no tobacco), and smoked cigarette butts (SCB) (smoked filter + tobacco).
↵* Courtesy: Register.2 No CIs reported.
↵† Test utilised smoked cigarette tobacco (no filter).
↵‡ Courtesy: Micevska et al.8 95% fiducial limits reported.
↵§ Courtesy: Warne et al.7