Environmental criticality caused by tobacco’s impact upon forest resources
| Developing countries2-150 | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (e) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serious impact 2-151 | |||||
| South Korea | 77.2 | 455.7 | 2-152 | <1 | 1.8 |
| Uruguay | 4.7 | 18.2 | 4.5 | <1 | 0.1 |
| Bangladesh | 7.8 | 925.2 | 2-152 | <1 | 0.5 |
| Malawi | 35.5 | 118.3 | 29.6 | 4–6 | 6.5 |
| Jordan | 0.5 | 60.2 | 15.1 | <1 | 1.6 |
| Pakistan | 2.3 | 182.3 | 45.6 | 4–6 | 0.2 |
| Syria | 1.2 | 79.8 | 20.0 | <1 | 0.3 |
| China | 14.3 | 131.0 | 32.7 | 2–3 | 1.6 |
| Zimbabwe | 22.5 | 29.1 | 7.3 | 4–6 | 2.4 |
| Mean (n=9) | 18.4 | 222.2 | 55.6 | NA | 1.7 |
| High impact 2-151 | |||||
| Argentina | 12.4 | 12.6 | 3.1 | <1 | 0.2 |
| Tunisia | 3.6 | 57.3 | 14.3 | <1 | 0.2 |
| Burundi | 12.3 | 248.9 | 62.2 | <1 | <0.1 |
| Haiti | 0.8 | 260.5 | 65.1 | <1 | 0.2 |
| Cuba | 16.8 | 100.5 | 25.1 | <1 | 2.0 |
| Dominican Republic | 32.7 | 161.7 | 40.4 | <1 | 2.0 |
| Philippines | 22.7 | 226.7 | 56.7 | 4–6 | 1.2 |
| Tanzania | 36.8 | 33.6 | 8.4 | <1 | 1.1 |
| Chile | 10.5 | 19.0 | 4.7 | <1 | 0.1 |
| El Salvador | 5.1 | 278.4 | 69.6 | <1 | 0.2 |
| Iran | 0.9 | 41.1 | 10.3 | <1 | 0.1 |
| Morocco | 8.6 | 60.6 | 15.2 | <1 | 0.1 |
| Mean (n=12) | 13.6 | 125.1 | 31.3 | NA | 0.6 |
| Medium impact 2-151 | |||||
| Thailand | 22.8 | 115.1 | 28.8 | <1 | 0.4 |
| Vietnam | 28.0 | 229.0 | 57.2 | <1 | 0.6 |
| Togo | 22.9 | 76.1 | 19.0 | <1 | 0.4 |
| Nigeria | 15.1 | 122.7 | 30.7 | <1 | 0.1 |
| Jamaica | 16.2 | 225.9 | 56.5 | <1 | 0.6 |
| Sri Lanka | 27.8 | 284.0 | 71.0 | <1 | 1.2 |
| Honduras | 36.8 | 50.5 | 12.6 | 2–3 | 0.5 |
| Ethiopia | 12.6 | 53.2 | 13.3 | <1 | <0.1 |
| Lebanon | 5.1 | 294.1 | 73.5 | <1 | 1.2 |
| Uganda | 30.6 | 106.7 | 26.7 | >10 | 0.1 |
| Zambia | 42.2 | 12.7 | 3.2 | >10 | 0.1 |
| Guatemala | 35.4 | 98.0 | 24.5 | 7–10 | 0.4 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 31.4 | 254.6 | 63.6 | <1 | <0.1 |
| Colombia | 51.0 | 33.8 | 8.5 | <1 | 0.6 |
| Mean (n=14) | 27.0 | 139.7 | 34.9 | NA | 0.4 |
| Low impact 2-151 | |||||
| Mean (n=14)2-153 | 36.6 | 47.3 | 11.8 | NA | 0.5 |
| Minor impact 2-151 | |||||
| Mean (n=17)2-154 | 43.6 | 22.0 | 5.5 | NA | 0.1 |
NA = not applicable.
↵2-150 Growing countries of the developing world as defined by FAO.16
↵2-151 For an explanation of the classification of tobacco-related deforestation, see text.
↵2-152 Value exceeds total of 100%.
↵2-153 Including 14 countries: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Angola, Mozambique, Madagascar, Laos, Myanmar/Burma, Indonesia, Malaysia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Brazil, Venezuela.
↵2-154 Including 17 countries: Chad, Mali, Benin, Liberia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Algeria, Cambodia, Solomon Islands, Nicaragua, Panama, Bolivia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru. (a) Total forest as percentage of land area in 1995. (b) Population density in 1995 (inhabitants per square kilometre). (c) Percentage of forest cover required in 1995 to supply population with one cubic metre of fuelwood per inhabitant.17 (d) Ratio of tobacco to arable land growth 1982–1997. (e) Percentage of tobacco in arable land 1992/1997.