Logit models of smoking participation (foreign-brand cigarettes)
| Baseline† | Inclusive of environmental site-specific controls†‡ | |
| Log price (foreign brand) | −0.093*** (0.023) | −0.061*** (0.020) |
| Anti-smoking sentiment | −0.090*** (0.026) | |
| Cigarette advertising | 0.112** (0.046) | |
| Anti-tobacco media | −0.089* (0.051) | |
| Youth access | −0.105*** (0.028) | |
| Price elasticity of smoking participation | −1.617*** | −1.088*** |
Coefficients represent the marginal effect of each variable on the probability (rate) of smoking participation.
SEs clustered by survey site.
SEs in parentheses.
*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01.
↵† All specifications include Age, Age squared, Gender, Parental Smoking, Pocket Money, and year and country dummy variables.
↵‡ Inclusive specifications include the following environmental controls: Anti-Smoking Sentiment, Cigarette Advertising, Anti-Tobacco Media and Youth Access.