Retail-level characteristics by retailer compliance with underage tobacco sales laws in mid-sized California cities
| Compliant (n=854) | Non-compliant (n=143) | All retailers (n=997) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean young buyer real age | 19.39 (0.79) | 20.14 (0.99) | 19.49 (0.87) |
| Young buyer gender (%) | |||
| Male | 92.5 | 7.5 | 51 |
| Female | 78.5 | 21.5 | 49 |
| Type of outlet (%) | |||
| Small markets | 85.8 | 14.2 | 11.5 |
| Convenience store | 84.6 | 15.4 | 46.3 |
| Smoke/tobacco shop | 71.9 | 28.1 | 5.7 |
| Supermarket | 85.2 | 14.8 | 10.8 |
| Drug/pharmacy store | 90.6 | 9.4 | 9.6 |
| Liquor store | 89.6 | 10.4 | 13.5 |
| Other | 96.2 | 3.8 | 2.6 |
| Clerk gender (%) | |||
| Male | 83.7 | 16.3 | 61.4 |
| Female | 89.3 | 10.7 | 38.4 |
| Brand of cigarettes purchased (%) | |||
| Marlboro | 91.3 | 8.7 | 47.3 |
| Newport | 80.6 | 19.4 | 52.7 |
| Mean clerk-estimated age | 35.43 (9.87) | 35.49 (9.75) | 35.45 (9.85) |
| Minimum age signs (%) | |||
| No | 87.2 | 12.8 | 11.7 |
| Yes | 85.7 | 14.3 | 86.8 |
| Mean of number of customers in line behind buyers | 0.66 (1.05) | 0.61 (1.11) | 0.65 (1.06) |
| Asked about age (%) | |||
| No | 89.7 | 10.3 | 85.3 |
| Yes | 63.0 | 37.0 | 14.7 |
Note: Non-compliant means that a retailer sold cigarettes to a confederate buyer who was judged to look younger than 18 years.