Health knowledge regarding tobacco, by country
| Armenia, N (%) (95% CI) | Azerbaijan, N (%) (95% CI) | Belarus, N (%) (95% CI) | Georgia, N (%) (95% CI) | Kazakhstan, N (%) (95% CI) | Kyrgyzstan, N (%) (95% CI) | Moldova, N (%) (95% CI) | Russia, N (%) (95% CI) | Ukraine, N (%) (95% CI) | |
| Health knowledge—agree smoking can cause | |||||||||
| Lung cancer | 1400 (77.8) (75.9 to 79.7) | 1437 (79.8) (78.0 to 81.7) | 1675 (93.1) (91.9 to 94.2) | 2043 (92.9) (91.8 to 93.9) | 1598 (88.8) (87.3 to 90.2) | 1665 (92.5) (91.3 to 93.7) | 1635 (90.8) (89.5 to 92.2) | 2708 (90.3) (89.2 to 91.3) | 1864 (93.2) (92.1 to 94.3) |
| Heart disease | 1423 (79.1) (77.2 to 80.9) | 926 (51.4) (49.1 to 53.8) | 1372 (76.2) (74.3 to 78.2) | 1613 (73.3) (71.5 to 75.2) | 1109 (61.6) (59.4 to 63.9) | 1061 (58.9) (56.7 to 61.2) | 1116 (62.0) (59.8 to 64.2) | 2278 (75.9) (74.4 to 77.5) | 1547 (77.4) (75.5 to 79.2) |
| Bronchitis | 916 (50.9) (48.6 to 53.2) | 773 (42.9) (40.7 to 45.2) | 1135 (63.1) (60.8 to 65.3) | 949 (43.1) (41.1 to 45.2) | 1047 (58.2) (55.9 to 60.4) | 1128 (62.7) (60.4 to 64.9) | 1198 (66.6) (64.4 to 68.7) | 2041 (68.0) (66.4 to 69.7) | 1251 (62.6) (60.4 to 64.7) |
| Stroke | 941 (52.3) (50.0 to 54.6) | 205 (11.4) (9.9 to 12.9) | 800 (44.4) (42.1 to 46.7) | 625 (28.4) (26.5 to 30.3) | 674 (37.4) (35.2 to 39.7) | 597 (33.2) (31.0 to 35.3) | 512 (28.4) (26.4 to 30.5) | 1554 (51.8) (50.0 53.6) | 1049 (52.5) (50.3 54.6) |
| Caries | 590 (32.8) (30.6 to 34.9) | 562 (31.2) (29.1 to 33.4) | 616 (34.2) (32.0 to 36.4) | 543 (24.7) (22.9 to 26.5) | 560 (31.1) (29.0 to 33.3) | 476 (26.4) (24.4 to 28.5) | 658 (36.6) (34.3 to 38.8) | 775 (25.8) (24.3 to 27.4) | 683 (34.2) (32.1 to 36.2) |
| Impotence | 246 (13.7) (12.1 to 15.3) | 117 (6.5) (5.4 to 7.6) | 475 (26.4) (24.4 to 28.4) | 234 (10.6) (9.3 to 11.9) | 224 (12.4) (10.9 to 14.0) | 215 (11.9) (10.4 to 13.4) | 597 (33.2) (31.0 to 35.3) | 596 (19.9) (18.4 to 21.3) | 718 (35.9) (33.8 to 38.0) |
| Infertility | 231 (12.8) (11.3 to 14.4) | 107 (5.9) (4.9 to 7.0) | 428 (23.8) (21.8 to 25.7) | 348 (15.8) (14.3 to 17.3) | 261 (14.5) (12.9 to 16.1) | 243 (13.5) (11.9 to 15.1) | 402 (22.3) (20.4 to 24.3) | 517 (17.2) (15.9 to 18.6) | 558 (27.9) (25.9 to 29.9) |
| Influence of passive smoking on health | |||||||||
| Yes negatively to children and adults | 1032 (60.0) (57.7 to 62.3) | 1147 (76.3) (74.1 to 78.4) | 1468 (83.0) (81.2 to 84.7) | 1664 (79.2) (77.5 to 80.9) | 1357 (77.9) (76.0 to 79.9) | 1351 (79.8) (77.8 to 81.7) | 1511 (87.8) (86.2 to 89.3) | 2428 (85.1) (83.8 to 86.4) | 1622 (84.3) (82.7 to 85.9) |
| Only influences some groups and when one inhales a lot | 366 (21.3) (19.3 to 23.2) | 175 (11.6) (10.0 to 13.3) | 164 (9.3) (7.9 to 10.6) | 203 (9.7) (8.4 to 10.9) | 211 (12.1) (10.6 to 13.7) | 195 (11.5) (10.0 to 13.0) | 127 (7.4) (6.1 to 8.6) | 214 (7.5) (6.5 to 8.5) | 161 (8.4) (7.1 to 9.6) |
| Only slightly influences | 246 (14.3) (12.6 to 16.0) | 160 (10.6) (9.1 to 12.2) | 115 (6.5) (5.4 to 7.7) | 179 (8.5) (7.3 to 9.7) | 121 (7.0) (5.8 to 8.1) | 101 (6.0) (4.8 to 7.1) | 67 (3.9) (3.0 to 4.8) | 113 (4.0) (3.2 to 4.7) | 114 (5.9) (4.9 to 7.0) |
| No influence | 76 (4.4) (3.4 to 5.4) | 22 (1.5) (0.9 to 2.1) | 22 (1.2) (0.7 to 1.8) | 55 (2.6) (1.9 to 3.3) | 52 (3.0) (2.2 to 3.8) | 47 (2.8) (2.0 to 3.6) | 16 (0.9) (0.5 to 1.4) | 99 (3.5) (2.8 to 4.1) | 27 (1.4) (0.9 to 1.9) |
| Light cigarettes* | |||||||||
| Less harmful to health | 264 (55.6) (51.1 to 60.1) | 169 (48.8) (43.6 to 54.1) | 192 (42.9) (38.3 to 47.5) | 195 (41.7) (37.2 to 46.1) | 236 (48.7) (44.2 to 53.1) | 164 (44.3) (39.2 to 49.4) | 130 (43.2) (37.6 to 48.8) | 291 (34.0) (30.8 to 37.1) | 214 (42.0) (37.7 to 46.3) |
| Not less harmful to health | 211 (44.4) (39.9 to 48.9) | 177 (51.2) (45.9 to 56.4) | 256 (57.1) (52.5 to 61.7) | 273 (58.3) (53.9 to 62.8) | 249 (51.3) (46.9 to 55.8) | 206 (55.7) (50.6 to 60.8) | 171 (56.8) (51.2 to 62.4) | 566 (66.0) (62.9 to 69.2) | 295 (58.0) (53.7 to 62.3) |
| Mean summary knowledge score† | 3.19 (3.12 to 3.26) | 2.29 (2.23 to 2.35) | 3.61 (3.53 to 3.70) | 2.89 (2.82 to 2.96) | 3.04 (2.96 to 3.12) | 2.99 (2.92 to 3.06) | 3.40 (3.31 to 3.49) | 3.49 (3.43 to 3.55) | 3.84 (3.75 to 3.92) |
↵* Only results for current smokers included. Results exclude ‘never heard of lights’, don’t knows and refusals.
↵† Mean of aggregated scores for the seven health questions on smoking as a cause of lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, bronchitis, caries, impotence and infertility, producing aggregate score range of 0 (least knowledgeable) to 7 (most knowledgeable).