Dependent variable: daily smoking | Urban areas | Rural areas |
Adjusted OR (95% CIs) | Adjusted ORs (95% CIs) | |
Age | 1.02* (1.011 to 1.023) | 1.03* (1.024 to 1.030) |
Male gender (base category: female) | 16.99* (13.63 to 21.17) | 25.11* (22.57 to 27.93) |
Married (base category: never married) | 2.57* (2.031 to 3.246) | 3.48* (3.106 to 3.889) |
Widowed (base category: never married) | 1.93* (1.313 to 2.850) | 2.43* (2.011 to 2.925) |
Divorced (base category: never married) | 1.57 (0.705 to 3.501) | 2.61* (1.742 to 3.911) |
Separated (base category: never married) | 1.61 (0.517 to 4.987) | 3.04* (1.806 to 5.108) |
Household head (base category: not head) | 2.45* (2.055 to 2.930) | 2.10* (1.918 to 2.299) |
Ethnicity: cham (base category: Khmer) | 2.64* (1.760 to 3.972) | 1.33† (1.070 to 1.649) |
Ethnicity: other local groups (base category: Khmer)‡ | 35.09* (15.15 to 81.29) | 34.95* (25.13 to 48.61) |
Ethnicity: vietnamese (base category: Khmer) | 2.40* (1.564 to 3.683) | 1.12 (0.714 to 1.770) |
Ethnicity: others (base category: Khmer)‡ | 2.01† (1.054 to 3.842) | 5.80* (3.468 to 9.701) |
Absent from home (base category: not absent) | 0.90 (0.687 to 1.190) | 1.19† (1.041 to 1.355) |
Never attended school (base category: attended) | 1.60§ (1.161 to 2.210) | 1.22§ (1.057 to 1.414) |
Illiterate (base category: literate) | 1.91* (1.382 to 2.638) | 1.54* (1.335 to 1.770) |
Worked in last 7 days (base category: did not work) | 2.45* (2.008 to 2.988) | 1.85* (1.671 to 2.051) |
Health status: good (base category: average) | 0.85 (0.704 to 1.023) | 0.90† (0.817 to 0.980) |
Health status: bad (base category: average) | 1.46* (1.192 to 1.797) | 1.12† (1.017 to 1.241) |
Health status: don't know (base category: average) | 0.33 (0.0302 to 3.523) | 0.84 (0.372 to 1.881) |
Smoking perception: not harmful (base category: harmful) | 1.37 (0.985 to 1.917) | 1.65* (1.443 to 1.874) |
Smoking perception: don't know (base category: harmful) | 1.35 (0.984 to 1.846) | 1.52* (1.345 to 1.721) |
Number of observations | 10 480 | 3724 |
Pseudo R2 | 0.3539 | 0.404 |
*Indicates statistical significance at the 1% level, †indicates statistical significance at the 10% level.
↵‡ Other local groups' include indigenous hill tribes found throughout south-east Asia and include groups such as Kouy, Souy and Chaaray, whereas ‘others’ is a mixed group consisting of Chinese, Laos and others.
↵§ indicates statistical significance at the 5% level.