Tobacco-specific nitrosamines reported in aerosols, refill solutions and cartridges of e-cigarettes
| Literature | Matrix | Units | NNN | NNK | NAT | NAB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goniewicz et al20 | Aerosol | μg/150 puffs | N.D. to 4.3±2.4 | N.D. to 28.3±13.2 | N.T. | N.T. |
| Kim and Shin21 | Refill solution | μg/L | 0.34 to 60.08 | 0.22 to 9.84 | 0.09 to 62.19 | 0.11 to 11.11 |
| Westenberger et al9 | Cartridge | mg/cartridge | N.D. to <LOQ | N.D. to <LOQ | N.D. to <LOQ | N.D. to <LOQ |
| Laugesen22 | Cartridge | ng/cartridge | BDL to 3.87 | 0.26 to 1.46 | BDL to 2.16 | N.Q. to 0.69 |
<LOQ, below the limit of quantitation but above the limit of detection; BDL, below detection limit; N.D., not detected; N.Q., not quantifiable; N.T., not tested by the study. NNN, N-nitrosonornicotine; NNK, 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; NAT, N-nitrosoanatabine; NAB, N-nitrosoanabasine.