Table 8

Instrumental methods developed for nicotine, TSNAs, aldehydes, metals, VOCs and phenols

LiteratureNicotineTSNAsAldehydesMetalsVOCsPhenols
Cameron et al15LC/MS/MS
Etter et al13UHPLC/DAD, GC/FID, GC/MS
Goniewicz et al4GC/TSD
Goniewicz et al20UPLC/MSHPLC/DADICP/MSGC/MS
Kim and Shin21LC/MS/MS
Kubica et al14LC/MS/MS/trap
Lim and Shin25HS GC/MS
Kirschner et al16LC/TOF
Schripp et al27HPLC/UVGC/MS
Uryupin et al30NMR
Williams et al26ICP/OES
Cheah et al17GC/FID, GC/MS
McAuley et al11GC/NPDGC/MSHPLC/UVHS GC/MS
Ohta et al23HPLC/UV
Trehy et al7HPLC/DAD
Uchiyama et al24HPLC/UV
Westenberger9HPLC/UV, GC/MSLC/MS/MS
Westenberger10HPLC/UVLC/MS/MS
Laugesen22LC/MS/MSSIFTMSICP/MSSIFTMSSIFTMS

  • GC/FID, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector; GC/MS, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry; GC/NPD, gas chromatography coupled with nitrogen-phosphorus detector; GC/TSD, gas chromatography coupled with thermionic specific detector; HPLC/DAD, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector; HPLC/UV, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet/visible spectroscopic detector; HS GC/MS, head space gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry; ICP/MS, inductively coupled plasma coupled with mass spectrometry; ICP/OES, inductively coupled plasma coupled with optical emissions spectroscopy; LC/MS/MS, liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry; LC/TOF, liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; SIFTMS, selected ion flow tube and mass spectrograph; Trap, ion trap; TSNAs, tobacco-specific nitrosamines; UHPLC/DAD, ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector; VOCs, volatile organic compounds.