Table 2

Comparisons between Japan, China and South Korea in the status of passive smoking

	Japan		China		South Korea		Definitions and notes
	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women
Passive smoking prevalence at home among adults, %
Among all	20.2	27.5	70.5	63.9	N/A	N/A	J: Adults reporting exposure to tobacco smoke at home during the past month (2010) (2008 for data among non-smokers).
Among non-smokers	13.9	29.3	48.4	63.2	5.8	19.8	C: Adults reporting tobacco smoking at home occurs at least monthly (2010).K: Adults reporting exposure to tobacco smoke at home during the past month (2010).
Passive smoking prevalence at workplaces among adults, %							J: Adults reporting exposure to tobacco smoke at workplaces during the past month (2010) (2008 for data among non-smokers). C: Adults reporting exposure to tobacco smoke at indoor workplaces during the past month, among workers outside of the home (2010). K: Adults reporting exposure to tobacco smoke at indoor workplaces (2010).
Among all	45.9	18.4	71.1	53.2	N/A	N/A
Among non-smokers	38.5	18.8	57.5	53.2	58.6	41.8
	Men/women			Men/women	Men	Women
Passive smoking prevalence at home among youth, %	34.9				40.3	41.5	J: Exposed 1 day/week or more, among those aged 15–19 years (2008). C: Someone's smoking in the presence 1 day/week or more, among those aged 13–15 years. K: Exposed 1 day/week or more, among those aged 14–19 years (2010).
			Chongqing (1999)	56.8
			Guangdong (1999)	49.4
			Puyang (2005)	32.6
			Shandong (1999)	48.9
			Shanghai (2005)	47.0
			Tianjin (2005)	45.2
			Zhuhai (2005)	44.2
	Smokers	Non-smokers	Smokers	Non-smokers
Support for smoking ban at workplaces, %
Complete ban	4.1	34.7	42.8	52.9	(N/A)		J: Complete ban: non-smoking at whole workplace; partial ban: non-smoking at workplace except designated areas (2007). C: Support for comprehensive smoke-free policies in workplaces (2006).
Partial ban	56.5	53.6	N/A	N/A
Smoking bans
Indoor workplaces							J: Revision of Industrial Safety and Health Act is scheduled in 2012, in which prevention of passive smoking will be required as obligation of employers (with no penalty), and employers are supposed to choose either complete ban or partial ban (separating smoking and non-smoking areas).
National level	No ban (as of 2011)		No ban (as of 2011)		No ban (as of 2011)
Prefecture/city level	No ban (as of 2011)		One administrative region (Hong Kong; complete ban with penalty)		No ban (as of 2011)		J: A non-mandatory article specifying the ‘effort’ of facility managers to prevent passive smoking at public places (schools, gyms, hospitals etc.). C: Complete ban for medical facilities, educational facilities, public transportation, etc. (non-mandatory). K: Complete ban for schools, kindergartens, day care centers for children, and medical facilities, and partial ban for other public places (separating smoking and non-smoking areas).
Indoor public places
National level	Health Promotion Act (2003; non-mandatory)		National regulations for hygiene control of public places (2011; non-mandatory)		National Health Promotion Act (1995, 2002; with penalty for both facility managers and individual smokers)
Prefecture/city level	One of 47 prefectures (Kanagawa Prefecture, as of 2011)		154 cities (45.7%, as of 2006)		One city (Seoul, as of 2011)		J: According to the ordinance to prevent passive smoking in Kanagawa Prefecture, facility managers are supposed to choose from two options: complete ban or partial ban (separating smoking and non-smoking areas). With penalty (both for facility managers and individual smokers). C: Complete ban with penalty in Hong Kong, partial ban in Beijing, Shanghai etc. K: According to the ordinance to prevent passive smoking in Seoul city, complete ban is applied with penalty for schools, city parks, bus stops, etc.

C, China; J, Japan; K, South Korea.