Variable | Comparing phases—unadjusted models | Comparing phases—adjusted models† | PP year 1 trend—adjusted models | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Per cent | OR (95% CI) | p Value | Per cent | OR (95% CI) | p Value | Form | OR | p Value | |
Dislikes pack‡ (n=6728) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 59.1 | 1.00 | 58.6 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 65.0 | 1.28 (1.05 to 1.56) | 0.013 | 65.1 | 1.32 (1.08 to 1.62) | 0.007 | |||
PP year 1 | 84.9 | 3.90 (3.39 to 4.46) | <0.001 | 85.0 | 4.06 (3.52 to 4.69) | <0.001 | Linear | 1.02 | 0.158 |
Lower pack appeal than a year ago‡ (n=6179) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 12.7 | 1.00 | 12.3 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 26.0 | 2.40 (1.86 to 3.10) | <0.001 | 26.5 | 2.59 (1.99 to 3.37) | <0.001 | |||
PP year 1 | 55.8 | 8.63 (7.27 to 10.24) | <0.001 | 56.2 | 9.29 (7.79 to 11.09) | <0.001 | Linear | 0.97 | 0.004 |
Lower quality than a year ago§ (n=6954) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 13.9 | 1.00 | 14.0 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 17.2 | 1.29 (1.01 to 1.66) | 0.045 | 17.2 | 1.28 (0.99 to 1.65) | 0.063 | |||
PP year 1 | 26.7 | 2.26 (1.93 to 2.64) | <0.001 | 26.6 | 2.24 (1.91 to 2.64) | <0.001 | Linear | 0.99 | 0.554 |
Lower satisfaction than a year ago§ (n=6954) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 12.2 | 1.00 | 12.3 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 13.8 | 1.15 (0.87 to 1.51) | 0.319 | 13.9 | 1.15 (0.87 to 1.51) | 0.334 | |||
PP year 1 | 20.7 | 1.88 (1.59 to 2.22) | <0.001 | 20.6 | 1.85 (1.56 to 2.19) | <0.001 | Linear | 0.99 | 0.690 |
Lower value than a year ago§ (n=6901) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 50.9 | 1.00 | 50.4 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 50.7 | 1.02 (0.84 to 1.22) | 0.870 | 51.6 | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.27) | 0.622 | |||
PP year 1 | 56.7 | 1.27 (1.13 to 1.43) | <0.001 | 56.8 | 1.30 (1.15 to 1.46) | <0.001 | Linear | 1.02 | 0.058 |
Believes brands do not differ in prestige‡ (n=6904) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 44.7 | 1.00 | 45.1 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 42.1 | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.09) | 0.273 | 43.1 | 0.91 (0.75 to 1.11) | 0.373 | |||
PP year 1 | 49.9 | 1.23 (1.10 to 1.38) | <.001 | 49.5 | 1.21 (1.07 to 1.37) | 0.003 | Linear | 1.01 | 0.310 |
Believes brands do not differ in taste‡ (n=6840) | |||||||||
Pre-PP | 6.7 | 1.00 | 6.7 | 1.00 | |||||
Transition | 8.1 | 1.23 (0.87 to 1.72) | 0.240 | 8.4 | 1.27 (0.90 to 1.80) | 0.174 | |||
PP year 1 | 7.7 | 1.16 (0.93 to 1.45) | 0.190 | 7.7 | 1.17 (0.93 to 1.47) | 0.189 | Linear | 1.02 | 0.250 |
Bold text indicates significant findings at p<0.05.
*Valid n's for each model vary because of differences in the number of respondents who were eligible for each question (see below) and the number of missing cases on each outcome. The pack appeal model excluded 15.2% of cases that were missing, while for all other models missing cases ranged from 5.1% to 7.6%.
†Multivariate models adjusted for age, gender, educational attainment, SES, Heaviness of Smoking Index, past 3-month Target Audience Rating Points for antismoking mass media campaigns and change in cigarette costliness.
‡Items were only asked of cigarette smokers who, when asked to name which brand of FM cigarettes/RYO tobacco they were currently smoking, provided a valid brand name.
§Items were asked of all cigarette smokers.
FM, factory-made; PP, plain packaging; RYO, roll-your-own; SES, socioeconomic status.