Conditional cigarette consumption price elasticities among smokers by income groups
| High-income subgroup | Medium-income subgroup | Low-income subgroup | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ln(price) | −0.150*** | −0.142*** | −0.111 |
| (−0.206 to −0.094) | (−0.199 to −0.086) | (−0.223 to 0.0002) | |
| Female | −0.490*** | −0.446*** | −0.380*** |
| (−0.636 to −0.344) | (−0.586 to −0.307) | (−0.576 to −0.184) | |
| Male (reference category) | |||
| Aged 18–24 | −0.463** | −0.435*** | −0.485** |
| (−0.747 to −0.179) | (−0.677 to −0.193) | (−0.817 to −0.154) | |
| Aged 25–39 | −0.137** | −0.080 | −0.124 |
| (−0.234 to −0.040) | (−0.182 to 0.022) | (−0.279 to 0.031) | |
| Aged 40–54 | −0.0258 | 0.093* | 0.045 |
| (−0.108 to 0.056) | (0.016 to 0.170) | (−0.068 to 0.157) | |
| Aged 55+ (reference category) | |||
| Divorce/widowed dummy | 0.097 | 0.022 | −0.033 |
| (−0.043 to 0.236) | (−0.084 to 0.128) | (−0.177 to 0.110) | |
| Single dummy | −0.114 | 0.034 | 0.046 |
| (−0.244 to 0.016) | (−0.135 to 0.203) | (−0.097 to 0.189) | |
| Married dummy (reference category) | |||
| Less than HS dummy | 0.136* | 0.166* | 0.029 |
| (0.017 to 0.254) | (0.035 to 0.298) | (−0.221 to 0.279) | |
| High school dummy | 0.119*** | 0.132** | 0.040 |
| (0.051 to 0.186) | (0.037 to 0.227) | (−0.175 to 0.255) | |
| College dummy (reference category) | |||
| Unemployed dummy | 0.098 | 0.033 | 0.085 |
| (−0.046 to 0.242) | (−0.040 to 0.106) | (−0.006 to 0.176) | |
| Retired dummy | −0.204*** | −0.103* | −0.096 |
| (−0.291 to −0.117) | (−0.183 to −0.024) | (−0.226 to 0.033) | |
| Employed dummy (reference category) | |||
| Constant | 2.918*** | 2.653*** | 2.652*** |
| (2.756 to 3.081) | (2.494 to 2.813) | (2.237 to 3.066) | |
| Observations | 4941 | 5893 | 2042 |
95% CI in parentheses; interview wave and city dummies are not shown in the table.
*p<0.10, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01.