Table 2

Descriptive statistics, 2006–2009

Variable description	Full sample	Low income	High income	Less educated	More educated
Binary variables
Male	0.963	0.954	0.978	0.940	0.982
Monthly household income
<¥1000	0.161	0.258	–	0.239	0.097
¥1000–2999	0.464	0.742	–	0.518	0.420
¥3000–4999	0.240	–	0.642	0.179	0.291
≥¥5000	0.134	–	0.358	0.065	0.191
Education
Primary school or less	0.125	0.156	0.072	0.277	–
Middle school	0.327	0.390	0.222	0.724	–
High school	0.358	0.348	0.376	–	0.653
Beyond high school	0.190	0.106	0.331	–	0.347
Continuous variables
Age at baseline	50.8	51.4	49.6	54.1	48.0
	[12.3]	[12.4]	[12.4]	[12.3]	[11.8]
Cigarette tier price
Nominal	6.32	5.35	7.92	5.16	7.26
	[6.36]	[4.30]	[8.54]	[4.11]	[7.60]
Real, in 2006 terms	6.24	5.29	7.82	5.10	7.18
	[6.30]	[4.25]	[8.47]	[4.05]	[7.54]
Average daily cigarette consumption at baseline	17.7	17.9	17.0	18.6	16.8
	[10.8]	[11.3]	[9.75]	[11.3]	[10.3]
Number of smoker-years	8453	5288	3166	3820	4633

Note: Coefficients are means of each variable by sample. Binary variables equal 1 if the description applies and 0 otherwise. SDs for continuous variables are in square brackets. The numbers of smoker-years in each column are weighted based on the complex survey design.