Variables used as covariates and mediators in regression and structural modelling analyses
| Variable (items) | α | Sample item |
|---|---|---|
| Covariates | ||
| Parental support (5)* | 0.94 | When I feel bad about something, my parent will listen |
| Parental monitoring (5)* | 0.75 | My parent asks me what I do with my friends |
| Parent–adolescent conflict (3)* | 0.83 | I have a lot of arguments with my parent |
| Academic competence (5)* | 0.79 | I like school because I do well in class |
| Social competence (5)* | 0.81 | I find it easy to make friends with other teens |
| Sensation seeking (5)* | 0.75 | I like to do things that are a little frightening |
| Rebelliousness (4)* | 0.84 | I like to break the rules |
| Mediators | ||
| Smoking expectancies (5)* | 0.94 | Smoking helps you feel more self-confident |
| Prototypes of smokers (4)† | 0.80 | The type of person your age who smokes is popular |
| Peer smoker affiliation (1)‡ | NA | Do any of your friends smoke cigarettes? |
*Response=1–5 Likert scale (Not at all true–Very true).
†Response=1–5 adjective scale (Not at all–Very).
‡Response=1–5 count scale (None of my friends–4 or more of my friends).
NA, not applicable.