Current smokers’ regulation awareness and support of e-cigarette policies by user status and demographics (n=519)
| Unaware e-cigarettes unregulated | Support legal age of sale* | Support e-cigarette warning labels | Agree FDA should regulate e-cigarettes | Support consistent ad policies | Support banning flavoured e-cigarettes | Support indoor e-cigarette ban | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per cent | (95% CI) | Per cent | (95% CI) | Per cent | (95% CI) | Per cent | (95% CI) | Per cent | (95% CI) | Per cent | (95% CI) | Per cent | (95% CI) | |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||
| Male | 60.8 | (53.5 to 67.6) | 84.6 | (78.5 to 89.2) | 86.8 | (80.4 to 91.3) | 82.6 | (76.2 to 87.6) | 57.1 | (49.8 to 64.1) | 44.8 | (37.7 to 52.0) | 43.7 | (36.8 to 50.9) |
| Female | 64.2 | (56.0 to 71.7) | 90.9 | (85.1 to 94.6) | 86.4 | (79.3 to 91.4) | 84.3 | (77.0 to 89.6) | 53.8 | (45.5 to 61.9) | 43.9 | (35.9 to 52.2) | 38.6 | (30.9 to 46.9) |
| p Value† | 0.53 | 0.21 | 0.93 | 0.69 | 0.55 | 0.87 | 0.35 | |||||||
| Age | ||||||||||||||
| 18–29 | 69.2 | (54.0 to 81.2) | 88.1 | (75.4 to 94.7) | 85.5 | (70.4 to 93.6) | 82.9 | (66.9 to 92.0) | 49.1 | (35.1 to 63.3) | 41.0 | (27.8 to 55.7) | 36.3 | (23.7 to 51.1) |
| 30–44 | 55.1 | (44.5 to 65.2) | 87.4 | (78.8 to 92.9) | 83.9 | (73.3 to 90.9) | 82.5 | (72.9 to 89.1) | 52.6 | (42.0 to 62.9) | 36.7 | (27.5 to 46.9) | 40.7 | (31.1 to 51.0) |
| 45–59 | 70.5 | (62.5 to 77.5) | 86.1 | (79.1 to 91.1) | 89.9 | (83.8 to 93.9) | 85.2 | (78.2 to 90.3) | 59.2 | (50.7 to 67.1) | 44.0 | (35.8 to 52.6) | 41.6 | (33.5 to 50.2) |
| 60+ | 51.9 | (41.8 to 61.9) | 90.7 | (84.0 to 94.8) | 86.2 | (78.7 to 91.3) | 82.6 | (74.9 to 88.3) | 61.5 | (51.2 to 70.8) | 62.2 | (51.8 to 71.6) | 47.9 | (37.7 to 58.2) |
| p Value† | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.60 | 0.93 | 0.42 | 0.01 | 0.60 | |||||||
| Education | ||||||||||||||
| High school or less | 71.6 | (64.6 to 77.6) | 87.4 | (82.1 to 91.4) | 86.6 | (81.0 to 90.8) | 82.6 | (76.2 to 87.5) | 57.1 | (49.8 to 64.1) | 48.6 | (41.3 to 56.0) | 43.5 | (36.4 to 50.8) |
| At least some college | 49.1 | (41.1 to 57.3) | 88.2 | (81.4 to 92.7) | 86.6 | (78.2 to 92.1) | 84.8 | (77.3 to 90.1) | 53.0 | (44.7 to 61.2) | 38.0 | (30.7 to 46.0) | 38.0 | (30.6 to 46.0) |
| p Value† | <0.01 | 0.90 | 0.99 | 0.61 | 0.47 | 0.06 | 0.31 | |||||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||
| White | 60.2 | (54.0 to 66.1) | 87.6 | (82.6 to 91.4) | 86.1 | (80.7 to 90.1) | 79.5 | (73.5 to 84.4) | 52.9 | (46.6 to 59.1) | 42.2 | (36.2 to 48.5) | 35.6 | (29.9 to 41.8) |
| Black | 79.1 | (64.7 to 88.7) | 89.8 | (79.0 to 95.3) | 93.6 | (83.1 to 97.8) | 96.3 | (85.4 to 99.1) | 59.8 | (43.9 to 73.8) | 63.6 | (47.7 to 77.1) | 56.9 | (41.1 to 71.4) |
| Hispanic | 57.9 | (37.7 to 75.8) | 85.1 | (68.0 to 93.9) | 80.0 | (56.7 to 92.4) | 86.8 | (65.2 to 95.8) | 66.3 | (45.3 to 82.3) | 36.3 | (20.3 to 56.1) | 56.4 | (35.7 to 75.1) |
| Other | 58.4 | (39.2 to 75.4) | 89.2 | (72.8 to 96.3) | 88.8 | (74.4 to 95.6) | 90.0 | (76.0 to 96.2) | 53.5 | (35.3 to 70.8) | 40.4 | (24.5 to 58.7) | 42.1 | (25.7 to 60.4) |
| p Value† | 0.08 | 0.87 | 0.28 | <0.01 | 0.56 | 0.09 | 0.04 | |||||||
| Census region | ||||||||||||||
| Northeast | 56.4 | (43.6 to 68.4) | 88.0 | (75.0 to 94.7) | 89.4 | (78.7 to 95.1) | 86.0 | (74.1 to 92.9) | 58.6 | (46.1 to 70.1) | 47.2 | (35.0 to 59.8) | 41.2 | (29.4 to 54.2) |
| Midwest | 66.8 | (55.9 to 76.2) | 85.1 | (74.6 to 91.8) | 83.3 | (71.9 to 90.7) | 75.0 | (62.7 to 84.3) | 48.1 | (37.3 to 59.1) | 39.4 | (29.3 to 50.4) | 27.0 | (18.9 to 37.1) |
| South | 62.7 | (53.9 to 70.8) | 89.0 | (83.1 to 93.0) | 87.6 | (79.4 to 92.8) | 87.1 | (79.9 to 91.9) | 54.2 | (45.5 to 62.7) | 47.0 | (38.5 to 55.7) | 46.5 | (38.1 to 55.0) |
| West | 62.2 | (49.0 to 73.8) | 88.2 | (78.7 to 93.8) | 86.0 | (76.4 to 92.1) | 84.1 | (74.4 to 90.6) | 64.5 | (51.6 to 75.6) | 42.0 | (29.4 to 55.6) | 49.2 | (36.4 to 62.2) |
| p Value† | 0.68 | 0.08 | 0.79 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.68 | 0.01 | |||||||
| E-cigarette experience | ||||||||||||||
| Never user | 68.4 | (60.3 to 75.5) | 84.5 | (77.2 to 89.7) | 85.6 | (77.3 to 91.1) | 83.4 | (75.3 to 89.2) | 63.8 | (55.2 to 71.6) | 55.9 | (47.4 to 64.1) | 57.3 | (48.8 to 65.5) |
| Former user | 62.4 | (53.3 to 70.6) | 88.6 | (81.4 to 93.2) | 92.0 | (86.1 to 95.6) | 85.7 | (78.6 to 90.7) | 53.2 | (44.4 to 61.8) | 40.6 | (32.3 to 49.5) | 34.9 | (27.0 to 43.8) |
| Current user | 45.8 | (33.7 to 58.4) | 91.8 | (84.4 to 95.9) | 77.5 | (65.0 to 86.5) | 77.9 | (65.3 to 86.9) | 38.5 | (27.1 to 51.2) | 24.9 | (15.5 to 37.4) | 15.1 | (8.1 to 26.4) |
| p Value† | 0.02 | 0.36 | 0.03 | 0.47 | 0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | |||||||
| E-cigarette risk belief | ||||||||||||||
| Less harmful than cigarettes | 58.1 | (50.8 to 65.1) | 91.4 | (86.6 to 94.6) | 85.4 | (79.1 to 90.0) | 82.7 | (76.3 to 87.7) | 42.2 | (35.3 to 49.4) | 32.3 | (30.6 to 44.5) | 29.9 | (23.7 to 37.0) |
| As or more harmful than cigarettes | 67.6 | (59.3 to 75.0) | 82.7 | (75.0 to 88.4) | 89.4 | (81.9 to 94.0) | 85.5 | (77.8 to 90.8) | 75.7 | (67.5 to 83.3) | 54.0 | (45.4 to 62.3) | 57.4 | (48.9 to 65.5) |
| p Value† | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.32 | 0.53 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | |||||||
| Total | 62.5 | (57.0 to 67.6) | 87.7 | (83.7 to 90.9) | 86.6 | (82.1 to 90.1) | 83.5 | (78.8 to 87.3) | 55.5 | (49.9 to 60.9) | 44.3 | (39.0 to 79.8) | 41.2 | (36.0 to 46.7) |
*Same age as other tobacco products.
†Wald F χ2.
FDA, Food and Drug Administration.